Which postage stamps commemorate Thomas De La Rue and his writing-instrument firm?

Thomas De La Rue, born 1793 and died 1866, was founder of the English firm De La Rue, which in the late 19th and early 20th century also made fountain pens, including the well-known Onoto pen; in the late 1950s the company ceased fountain-pen production. De La Rue first made his fortune with the production of playing cards in London and later received the English monopoly for postage stamps and means of payment also outside England; in the 1880s the development of fountain pens began. The postal administration of the Channel Island Guernsey, his birthplace, honoured him twice with special stamps. A first set of four stamps appeared on 2 June 1971 with focus on stamp production and depictions of stamps from Hong Kong, Italy, USA and England. A second set of five stamps followed on 27 July 1993 for his 200th birthday in an edition of 113,000 pieces and shows banknote, fountain pen, printing press, postage stamp and playing card as the firm's full product range. In Germany on 12 October 2000 the first special stamp of the 'For the Postage Stamp' series appeared with a fountain pen, a writing pencil and an inscribed envelope with stamp. Background on the firm De La Rue and its writing instruments can be found, among others, in Andreas Lambrou's book 'Füllfederhalter' and in 'Füllfederhalter, Schreibkultur und Schreibdesign' by Giorgio Dragoni and Giuseppe Fichera.


What to do if a Montblanc Greta Garbo fountain pen shows poor ink flow and the first letters write only weakly?

A frequent cause is a nib width unsuitable for the writing posture or a very upright writing posture on the fine Greta Garbo pen. Collectors advise giving the pen a few days break-in time and working on the writing posture. If the problem persists, going to the specialist dealer or to Montblanc is worthwhile; a free nib swap is only possible within 14 days of purchase, afterwards subject to charge. In the concrete case the problem was fixed by nib swap and a more upright writing style.


Are counterfeits of Italian OMAS pens, e.g. the Ogiva model, meanwhile in circulation, and how is OMAS quality to be assessed in general?

Robust reports of OMAS counterfeits are not available; what is known by contrast are variable quality standards of various production years. The OMAS models (e.g. Ogiva, Filarmonica, 360 Mezzo) are valued for their saturated ink flow, often traced to the ebonite feed. However, the strong flow can lead to wet writing behaviour at warm temperatures. A drawback from a collector view is that most models have only round nibs; stub or italic grinds are rare. Some collectors hold OMAS price-wise to be overpriced; others expressly contradict.


Can an older Montblanc No. 31 (60s/70s) be polished without damage to remove micro-scratches?

The barrel of the Montblanc No. 31 is made of Plexiglas and can be polished without problems; micro-scratches can largely be removed in this way. On the metal parts caution is warranted, since the gold plating can be worn off by too strong polishing. Further hints are given in the newsletter on fountainpen.de.

General questions on writing instruments


From which time does an inherited golden Montblanc fountain pen with gold overlay date, and who made it?

It is a Meisterstück 144 (or possibly 146; size measurement gives clarity) from the 1950s. The gold overlay is a sleeve that comes not from Montblanc itself but from goldsmiths in Pforzheim/Mühlacker — named are Bossert & Erhard, who still work for Montblanc today, and Sarastro as a maker of pocket-use articles. A hallmark indicates that it is indeed precious metal. The pen, despite the aftermarket overlay, is collectible and has relevant material value; inscriptions like 'Meisterstück' the old 144s did not necessarily carry.


How widespread are openly sold Montblanc counterfeits (replicas) on the internet, and how do you recognise originality on a privately acquired Meisterstück 144?

Numerous replica sites can be found online; a Google search for 'Montblanc Replica' yields over 1000 hits, partly supplemented through advertising via Google AdWords. Some suppliers use 'liability disclaimers', which legally do not protect. If one site closes, others open under a new name. The 144 specifically described is an original; older 144s did not yet have outside feed lamellae and a fully gold nib without platinum inlay. Hard-rubber feeds were fitted up to about 1989; today's outside lamellae increase buffer capacity at pressure fluctuations.


Which surprising insight does the book 'Die merkwürdigen Füllhalter' by Piet Ruys bring?

The book 'Die merkwürdigen Füllhalter' by Piet Ruys, despite its title, does not let one expect a collector volume on curious writing instruments. In fact, it is a Dutch crime novel from 1961 with 124 pages on industrial espionage. Records and chemical formulas are violently torn from a young inventor and smuggled in a gutted fountain pen; childhood friends of the inventor can later solve the theft and return the formulas to the rightful owner. With this title is a crime novel whose fountain-pen reference is purely literary.


Which maker is behind the brand 'WAFCO' on an old black piston pen in senior format with Bock nib?

WAFCO stands for the Gustav Walter Füllhalterfabrik in Schriesheim. Piston filler mechanism and Bock nib clearly point to a German maker of the pre-war period; many of these manufactories did not survive WWII. As an additional identification feature, the barrel carries an embossing with an eagle. A variant in celluloid (light pearl) with hose filling and screwed-in pressure mechanism is also known; workmanship and Christmas-tree feed speak for high-quality artisanal work.


Which fountain pen counts among collectors as a dream piece, and which design approaches are rated as promising for own models (brand Wancher)?

As dream pens, especially the models of the Japanese manufactory Nakaya are named, particularly the plain variants like matt-black pens with platinum finish. The presented Wancher prototype is rated by collectors as designerly promising.


Is there an official price list of the entire Montblanc product range for orientation, e.g. when buying used pieces?

Complete price lists only authorised specialist dealers have, and they are generally allowed neither to release nor publish them online. Old price lists and brochures, however, regularly turn up on eBay and partly contain lists in the appendix. Some dealer websites show prices, e.g. fuellhalter.de or koitz.com. Overall the market for used Montblancs remains price-wise inconsistent; concluded eBay auctions provide realistic indications.


Which causes come into question on a Faber-Castell Classic fountain pen with too strong ink flow and a loose, push-out feed in the section, and are Pelikan cartridges compatible?

Pelikan cartridges generally also fit in Faber-Castell pens and are now and then used without problems. If the feed can be pushed out of the section, the Faber-Castell service is mostly responsible — a simple forceful reinsertion can negatively affect ink flow. If the nib scratches, the cause lies not in the feed but in bent nib tines; that can often be put right locally by a writing-instrument dealer or by sending in to Faber-Castell.


How can writing instruments from an attic find — including a Montblanc Meisterstück L139, a suspected Parker 51 and an Omega — be identified and assessed?

The 139 is a variant with long sight window and steel nib, which marks it as a war model; war models are less valuable than regular 139s with gold nib but still count as collectable. The unknown pen No. 2 was identified as a cheap pen of the 1950s without collector interest, No. 3 as a Kaweco Omega 650, No. 4 as a Parker Aerometric of the second generation from 1949 with Lustralloy cap. For detailed questions on the Parker 51 the forum penexchange.de is recommended. Before sale it depends on the target group whether to restore: dealers prefer unrestored, end collectors restored pieces.


Which basic literature and aids should collector novices use before posting frequently recurring beginner questions on Montblanc writing instruments?

For beginners particularly the standard works on Montblanc are recommended, e.g. the books by Jürgen Lehmann and book reviews with ISBN information in the forum section 'Articles'. The forum search function and older threads also already answer many recurring questions on model designations, value determination and authenticity check. Beginner questions are expressly welcome on the forum if a minimum of research has been done beforehand. The forum rules emphasise polite handling and differentiated discussion.


Which writing instruments count among collectors' personal favourites?

Particularly many pieces of the Limited Anniversary 1924 line (146 Doué, 144 Sterling) and the Anniversary 75 Skeleton Edition are named. Popular are also Writers Editions like Marcel Proust and Agatha Christie, Patron of Art editions like Dörrbecker Quintessenz, the Skeleton Star, the 145P, the 122 Malachite and the Jules Verne. Outside Montblanc, the Waterman Edson (with L or F nib), Pelikan M700 Toledo and Sheaffer Balance are also cited as favourites. Preferred is mostly the medium-sized barrel with individually fitting nib width (often B or M).


Which Montblanc writing instrument — fountain pen, rollerball or ballpoint — should be chosen as a first purchase, and which warranty advantages exist with the specialist dealer over internet purchase?

Recommended is the writing instrument actually most frequently used; a 'tradition' in favour of the fountain pen does not exist. Warranty-wise: every commercial dealer must grant two years' liability for defects, regardless of whether bought online or in the boutique. Additionally Montblanc grants a manufacturer's own warranty whose scope can vary depending on the dealer relation. Advantages of online purchase: from a goods value of 40 euros the buyer bears no return shipping costs and can test the product at home; disadvantage is the missing personal advice. Meanwhile Montblanc specialist dealers may also sell their writing instruments online.


What do the various gold stamps and hallmarks like 333, 585, 750, 10K, 14KT, 18KT or 18K.T. on writing instruments mean?

The number stamps mark gold alloys: 333 = 8 carat, 585 = 14 carat, 750 = 18 carat. They state the fine-gold content. Additional hallmarks provide hints on age and origin. Important: a hallmark (always struck deeper) is to be distinguished from a pure model designation (engraved inscription) — for example a Montblanc pencil model called '10K' existed. As a standard work for determination, Jan Divis: 'Goldstempel aus aller Welt' is recommended. Logos and stars were earlier also stamped into hard rubber and celluloid.


Does a market need exist for a special glass safe to store and present high-quality writing-instrument collections safely?

Collectors see a small but worldwide market potential for such a glass safe and suggest also designing a variant with additional storage option. Important is that the mere acquisition of a safe does not automatically increase household-insurance protection; necessary is the adjustment of the insurance sum, which not every insurer accepts. With marketing materials, picture selection should be made carefully, e.g. so as not to show ambiguous historical insignia.


Which makers produce nibs for high-quality fountain pens — especially the frequently encountered nibs with the engraving 'Iridium Point Germany'?

Montblanc makes its nibs itself. The most important German nib supplier is the firm Bock; many brand makers like Faber-Castell and earlier also Pelikan have nibs made there, which is why Bock counts as a 'hidden champion'. Whether the nibs with the engraving 'Iridium Point Germany' come specifically from Bock is not unambiguously clarified. In general, steel nibs can technically write just as well as gold nibs; gold nibs are softer in writing feel due to the material.


What experiences exist on workmanship quality of the Montblanc Nightflight Collection, especially with unraveling seams on key cases and bags?

Several owners report consistently of unraveling seams on the Nightflight key case, partly already after a few weeks' carrying in the trouser pocket. Montblanc exchanges the case under warranty; the problem, however, recurs on replacement deliveries. Precondition for the free exchange is a correctly completed warranty card with purchase date, dealer stamp and concrete article — a foreign warranty card does not help. Larger pieces of the collection (e.g. the Nightflight backpack) are reinforced with leather piping at the outer seams and show hardly any wear. Materially the combination of silk-cotton fabric and rough denim in the trouser pocket is little durable.


To which person is the Montblanc Patron of Art Edition 2010 dedicated, and which materials and colouring are to be expected?

The Patron of Art Edition 2010 will be dedicated to Queen Elizabeth I (1533–1603). Provided are a 4810 variant in brown with yellow gold and an 888 variant in red with red gold. Collectors who have already seen them rate the design rather restrained — it is rated as a matter of taste and not as a highlight. Advance photos should not be uploaded oneself but at most linked on existing sources, since Montblanc does not desire advance publication.


Are 6.50 euros shipping costs on a warranty repair on a Montblanc 164 justified, and is it usual that in service the entire piston/feed is replaced?

On eBay purchases the dealer sending in rightly demands shipping costs, since he is not the original seller and so not obliged to free warranty handling. A precautionary exchange of the feed is standard procedure in Montblanc service and counts as a quality measure. With complaints of obvious faults (e.g. shifted nib) sending in again should be done promptly, with the two-week deadline for free nib swap to be observed.


Why was the forum changed to a new software, and which problems or advantages does that bring?

The change occurred compulsorily, since Joomlaboard was no longer being developed and outdated software poses a considerable security risk through hacker attacks. The new software offers more security; individual functions like the RSS feed or avatar pictures had to be reworked after migration. The number of posts remains visible; evaluative forum ranks, however, fall away.


Which models are involved in an inherited set of Montblanc fountain pen, pencil refill, pen-roller and cases with imprint 'W.-Germany'?

The writing instruments date from the time before reunification (before 1989), recognisable by the marking 'W.-Germany'. They are a Meisterstück 144 Solitaire Silver grain guilloché (fountain pen or 147), a Meisterstück 161 Le Grand ballpoint and the matching Traveller case. The cases are: red = Florence, black with cartridge holder = Traveller, black small = Sienna. On gold-plated parts two variants are distinguished — Vermeil (gilded silver, hallmark '925') or gold-plated brass (without hallmark); if the 925 hallmark is missing and only 'Germany' stands on the pencil, it is brass vermeil. For value determination, consultation of the corresponding product pages on fountainpen.de and comparison of concluded eBay auctions were recommended.


Is the no-longer-produced brand élysée (last under Staedtler) collectible, and are its writing instruments still available?

Whether a fountain pen is collectible remains a personal decision; some collect known brand pieces without intent to use them; others appreciate limitations. élysée writing instruments are still available on secondary markets, e.g. ballpoints of the Vernissage and Impression Limited Editions; in regular trade they are barely to be found.


Which fountain pen under about 100 euros, or which Montblanc, is suitable for very fast, fatigue-free and unstrained writing — especially under exam conditions?

The Montblanc Meisterstück 145 Platinum with F nib is recommended as a long-lived all-rounder that meets the typical requirements. Anyone who must stay within a student budget fares well with Lamy models (e.g. Lamy Studio with gold nib). The choice of fountain pen is highly individual — some prefer light, small pens, others large, heavy ones. An 18-carat nib brings, compared with a 14-carat nib, hardly noticeable differences in writing.


How can a Montblanc ink cartridge leak in the shirt pocket, and how can ink stains be removed from textiles?

Self-opening caps frequently occur on short models like the Mozart when the screw cap loosens unnoticed through strong motion in the pocket; pressure differences with altitude (aircraft, mountain stay) can also favour leakage; in the concrete case it was the motion. For non-water-soluble ink there is no easy household remedy; recommended is Amodex (amodexink.com), available also via eBay from the USA or UK online shops. Alternatively, going to a specialist cleaner helps. Ink stains on jeans are particularly stubborn.


How do you clean a fountain pen in which waterproof ink has dried without damaging the pen?

A water bath of about six days is recommended, optionally with mild soap solution, then thorough flushing. Important: pens of celluloid, ebonite or hard rubber must neither be placed in an ultrasonic bath nor in a longer water bath, since hard rubber especially absorbs the water's colour and loses its own colour. Further care notes are in the forum section 'Care - Repair'.


What does the striking notch on the cap of the Montblanc Jules Verne pen stand for, and is its ink tank smaller than that of a 146?

The notch in the cap represents the porthole of a submarine or a sight window and refers to Verne's 'Twenty Thousand Leagues Under the Sea'; in addition the cap shape is interpreted as an allusion to a diving helmet, and the symbolism is also found on the nib. The ink tank of the Jules Verne is in fact smaller than that of the 146, because the sealing piston in the limited edition — as on all editions — was structurally changed.


How can a Greta Garbo fountain pen acquired on eBay be checked for authenticity if the pearl on the clip looks glued, and is there official B-grade goods from Montblanc?

Montblanc does not offer official B-grade goods; the pieces are therefore either originals or counterfeits. On the Greta Garbo described, everything points to an original; however, the pearl on the clip is from the factory not glued but firmly set. A glued pearl is therefore to be regarded as a subsequent repair by a craftsman and constitutes a defect; on a purchase declared as new this justifies a return. Collectors point out that even commercial powersellers often source their goods themselves via eBay and do not always have detailed knowledge, which is why complaint-worthy defects are by no means excluded. More reliable sources are collector shows or well-stocked specialist dealers.


How do you recognise an original Meisterstück Solitaire Sterling Silver with Barleycorn guilloché, and which dating and care notes are to be observed?

The Solitaire Sterling Barleycorn line was introduced at Pentecost 1992 with the New Dimensions event in Berlin and discontinued in mid-1998 because it came too close to the 75th Anniversary Edition appearing in 1999. Genuine pieces carry the 925 hallmark, a finely ribbed fine-grain guilloché and, since about 1997, individual clip-ring numbers; the model number for the ballpoint is 1646. The black case with red-marbled paper outer wrap was used between 1992 and 1995/96. For care a silver-cleaning cloth or an ultrasonic bath with cleaning tablets is recommended; polishes with abrasive bodies like Wenol Montblanc itself rates critically because they wear off too much silver.


Where do you get well-founded information on model designations, production period and value of mint Brause piston fountain pens from an attic find?

Collector forums like community-fountainpen.de or penexchange.de are not designed to deliver sales information for free, because no commercial interest is to be served there. Anyone needing the market value or exact model data on such finds should turn to a recognised expert like Stefan Wallrafen (collectiblestars.de), who researches and estimates against fee. Before such a commission, weighing whether the expected sale proceeds even justify the research costs is worthwhile; often this is not the case.


Which model is a green-marbled Montblanc fountain pen with the inscriptions 'III. MONT BLANC III.' and 'SIMPLO ORIGINAL', and how is it correctly cleaned?

It is a button-filler pen (no piston pen) of the third Montblanc price series, produced between 1932 and 1934, presumably in size A; the letter often stands on the blind cap. Originally, a teardrop clip and an 'a' nib belong to it, although the current nib dates from the 1950s and was exchanged. The malachite-green colour, undiscoloured, is rare and value-determining. The star on the cap of the third price series was, by construction, only white at the edge, and the two opposing holes in the cap are ventilation bores. For cleaning use only clear, cold water without solvent additives and do not soak for several hours, since hard rubber otherwise oxidises; light-protected storage is advisable.


What does the catalogue 'Werkzeuge des Pegasus' on the exhibition of the Stiftung Weimarer Klassik show?

'Werkzeuge des Pegasus' is the companion catalogue to the exhibition 'Historische Schreibzeuge' in the Goethe National Museum, on view from 9 November 2002 to 5 January 2003 in Goethe's residence in Weimar on the ground floor and presented by the Stiftung Weimarer Klassik. The volume presents writing implements in various forms and materials such as ceramics, wood, porcelain, stone and glass in word and image and additionally shows furniture, writing-implement folios, ink bottles, nibs, letter openers and further writing accessories, above all from the second half of the 18th and from the 19th century. Among the outstanding exhibits is the writing ball made in 1867 in Copenhagen on which Friedrich Nietzsche wrote. The catalogue is divided into preface, an essay on writing instruments and creative writing in the 18th and 19th century, a catalogue part with writing implements, writing instruments and writing utensils, a section with illustrated portraits, an excursus on writing recipes and iron-gall ink, and bibliography and picture credits.


Can black ink attack the gold alloy on the cartridge slide of a Montblanc Traveller, and how can this be avoided?

Black Montblanc ink is not fully water-soluble and counts as more aggressive than blue ink; it can indeed attack the gold alloy on the cartridge slide, with mostly only material removal and no rust formation observed. Red inks also tend to cause problems. Preventively, regular cleaning of the pen and letting it dry openly help, as does switching to a milder ink, e.g. blue. The Traveller in the black variant was still produced at least until 2005; the Solitaire silver variants, by contrast, were only available in very small quantities.


How can forum rules and image protection be designed so that information researched in the forum is not misused for eBay sales without compensation?

It was discussed putting the forum rules prominently at the beginning of the forum and visually highlighting them, which was subsequently implemented. To protect photos provided by the forum from unauthorised reuse on eBay, the majority spoke for a clearly visible diagonal watermark in the middle of the image, since small or discreet watermarks can easily be cropped out. Mass post-processing of the existing image stocks is only realistic via specialised batch-processing software. In the background was the wish to preserve the forum as a place of mutual collector exchange and not as a free research source for fast sales.


How can an OMAS Extra from the 1990s be properly disassembled, sealed and polished, and which material notes are to be observed?

The OMAS Extra consists of the in-house cotton-based Cotton Resin and is therefore scratch-sensitive; polishing succeeds best with Wenol or a fine polish with small grit, in a pinch even with toothpaste. The inscription 750 on the nib denotes 18-carat gold. For renewed sealing silicone grease is used, as for example pen makers like TWSBI include with their devices or as obtainable via specialist dealers like penboard.de or US suppliers (Goulet Pens); critical sealing point is especially the feed. To clean old sealant, alongside detergent ultrasonic bath, WD-40 has also proven itself. Exact build data can be most reliably determined by direct enquiry with OMAS.


What is known about the individual Mario Barth Limited Edition by Montblanc, and why does the official product picture show deviations?

Mario Barth had, as one of the first private customers, a tailor-made 1/1 edition made by the Artisan Studio; the piece was seen in the studio before completion together with brass samples and contains a diamond in the form of the Montblanc star on the cap. The final version is in white gold, while the photo depicted on the Montblanc website apparently shows a master sample in yellow gold with a white-gold nib — a material combination that was not used in the final piece. Barth received his copy at a preferential price; subsequent individual editions are, according to statements from the manufactory, considerably more expensive.


How do you recognise a counterfeit of the Montblanc Patron of Art Copernicus, and how do you handle suppliers of corresponding auctions?

Typical counterfeit features on the Copernicus are a colourless instead of green gemstone in the clip, a straight instead of concave grip section, a simple white star instead of mother-of-pearl on the cap, a nib fully made of steel and a too short thread with an additional thin silver ring. Striking are also a clip not bent true to the original and an additional separation ring between grip section and thread that points to a converted converter mechanism. Additionally, fake suppliers often use stolen original pictures, partly with reversed nib colour, which can be due to old press photos. A Copernicus as a rollerball never existed; corresponding offers are without exception suspect of being counterfeits. Collectors should warn bidders and report the offer to the platform and to Montblanc.


How is the Conklin Mark Twain Crescent Demonstrator equipped, and what idiosyncrasies does its filling system have in everyday use?

The Conklin Crescent Mark Twain Demonstrator is limited to 1,898 pieces (in remembrance of the founding year of the Conklin Pen Company) and consists of hand-polished, transparent acrylic resin; there is a black and a rose-gold trim variant. The pen works with the classic Crescent filling system in which a half-moon ring compresses the inner rubber sac; a locking ring on the body secures the mechanism against unintentional pressing. In the USA the black demonstrator edition is traded at around 250 USD and coloured versions at around 165 USD. In a case the pen fits, with care, into common single-pen cases, but the half-moon ring has some play and can press ink into the cap on awkward stowing; for permanent transport it is therefore only conditionally suitable.


Does Montblanc still offer real entry-level pens in the range of 100 to 150 euros, and what is behind the conspicuously small models like the Mozart?

Montblanc has, for some years, deliberately no longer produced actual entry-level pens; the Scenium and Noblesse lines are discontinued, and from the Scenium there was never a fountain pen. The smallest current writing instrument is the Meisterstück 114 Mozart, which, however, is strictly speaking not a writing instrument but a notation device for short notes with style and is not suitable for longer texts. For everyday school use, therefore, a regular Meisterstück or robust brands like Lamy, Pelikan or Rotring are recommended; for children the too narrow, fragile barrel of the Mozart is regarded as unsuitable. Anyone wanting to use a Montblanc on the road should carry it in a case in the inside pocket to avoid damage and loss.


Which book publications exist for the Montblanc Literature Prize from 1991 to 1994?

For the Montblanc Literature Prize four book editions appeared between 1991 and 1994. The first prize of 1991 carried the theme Profit, the second of 1992 the theme Embraces, the third of 1993 the theme The Summit and the fourth of 1994 the theme The Appointment. Each edition contains, alongside the short story of the prize winner, between 14 and 16 further selected short stories of the participants. Editor of all four volumes is Joseph von Westphalen, who also chaired the jury and wrote the afterword in each volume. The first two books appeared from Piper Verlag, the following two from Deutscher Taschenbuch Verlag. From 1995 to 2003 the prize was not awarded; only in 2004 was it given again with the theme 'There must be that much time'.


Should the forum maintain a public list of all collections of individual Montblanc collectors to ease sale and trade?

A public full list of all writing instruments of individual collectors is rejected by the forum admin and the majority, because members appear largely anonymously and such a listing would have no practical use. Collectors also generally have only a part of their stock actually for sale, so a complete list would receive many enquiries without result. Instead the section Offer and the module MyPMS exist for internal communication; for sale and trade activities reference is made to separate platforms like morepens.de. Collection size alone is also not regarded as a quality feature.


Which information, photos and documents exist on the Pforzheim firm FEND and its significance for writing-instrument makers?

FEND was founded in 1899 in Pforzheim and made, among other things, in the 1920s and 1930s, the overlays for Montblanc, which is documented in Lambrou (Fountain Pens of the World). FEND is known above all for multi-colour pencils with slide and pendulum-feed mechanism (magic mechanism), which Parker and other brands also had made at FEND, first with pencil/coloured-pencil leads, later with ballpoint refills. Up to the 1960s FEND also produced fountain pens that were innovative in design and nib shape and presumably inspired Mario Bellini for the Lamy Persona. With the death of the last owner shortly before or after the 100-year company anniversary, FEND disappeared from the market; patent hints can be found, among others, in the Montblanc catalogue of 1936 (page 38); original patents can be inspected at the patent office.


Which Patron of Art Edition does Montblanc release for the year 2008?

The Patron of Art Edition 2008 is dedicated to François I; corresponding flyers and first pictures were available around the start of 2008; in the boutiques hardly any information was given in advance. Stylistically the edition seems to some collectors disappointing and comparatively plain, with comparisons drawn to a mix of Delta and Montegrappa designs; by collector opinion it does not reach Writers Editions like Proust or Poe. Both the 4810 and the 888 variant appeared.


Was there an official Graf von Faber-Castell Cassette No. 1 in solid sterling silver, and is a US offer for 3,500 USD credible?

A Cassette No. 1 produced limitedly in solid sterling silver never existed; the brand name Graf von Faber-Castell did not yet exist in the stated 1980s. The US offer is just a normal Cassette No. 1 with merely silver-plated lid and sharpener; only the pencil extender could be of silver. The pencils are not limited but only consecutively numbered (serial number like AA 683), and proofs like hallmark or limitation certificate are missing. The claimed contract production for Koh-I-Noor/Montblanc is not plausible, since Montblanc would not have allowed distribution of further products via Koh-I-Noor. The price of 3,500 USD is therefore grossly excessive.


Which models are involved in two Montblanc Meisterstücks of 585 gold acquired in the 1960s/1970s, and how should one handle nib swap and ink?

The first piece is a Meisterstück 744 (production 1951 to 1956); on imprints 585 or 750 on cap, body, clip and end cap it is solid gold, otherwise gold-plated; an initial engraving reduces the collector value. The second piece is a Meisterstück 132 from the 1930s to 1940s, with possibly a subsequently applied overlay; only pieces with imprint 'Montblanc' or 'S' (for Sarastro/Pforzheim) count as official and collector-coveted overlays. Nibs of old gold pens Montblanc itself cannot exchange; corresponding orders go to external specialists like Horst Schrage. For old writing instruments the water-soluble Pelikan 4001 royal blue is recommended as the most uncritical ink, since black and strongly pigmented inks can discolour the ink window.


What nib width does an unusually looking nib have in a Montblanc 145 Chopin sold as an M nib?

It is not an M nib but an S nib (Special), a very rare ball nib that Montblanc produced for only one year. It is correspondingly sought-after among collectors and to be valued higher than a standard M. Ball nibs of this kind are particularly suitable for left-handers, since they have lower sensitivity to writing posture. Anyone finding the ink flow too plentiful can store the nib and put a normal M back into the piece.


Are photos of the rings and bracelets made by Sabine Bach for the Montblanc Year of the Golden Dragon 2000 edition available, and are the pieces obtainable in Germany?

Montblanc offered for the Year of the Golden Dragon Edition 2000 strictly limited rings and bracelets by jewellery designer Sabine Bach, produced exclusively for the Asian market. Each depicted only the dragon. Published photos are found in Werben & Verkaufen 10/2001 of 09.03.2001, but these images are subject to copyright and cannot be posted on the forum; in the W&V online archive only the text, not the photos is available. In Germany the pieces are barely findable and correspondingly high-priced; an occasional hint to jewellery motifs is found on the Montblanc website under Precious Dragon 88 (Flash version).


Is there a relevant collector market for an unused gold-plated Lerche roller blotter from Solingen?

Writing-instrument collectors are only marginally interested in desk accessories like roller blotters, so the target group is small. Comparable un-gilded Lerche models are offered on platforms like penexchange.de for around 25 euros and find barely any response there. Gold platings are also wafer-thin and do not significantly influence material value. Such pieces are not extremely rare — if not from Lerche, then from other brands — and compete with numerous substitutes like blotter rockers. A sale via eBay or penexchange.de is possible, but often more rewarding is keeping it as a memento.


Is it worth, after acquiring an eBay counterfeit of a Montblanc 146, alongside a criminal complaint also informing Montblanc itself?

A report to Montblanc is worthwhile, since the maker actively pursues cases of product piracy and welcomes such reports; often even the threat of this report towards the seller is enough, because a cease-and-desist letter turns out significantly more expensive than the purchase price. Contact runs via the contact form of the Montblanc website. In parallel one should absolutely use the eBay buyer protection, since purchases there are insured, and possibly involve PayPal. An own court procedure is mostly not financially worthwhile, because lawyer's fees exceed the dispute value. Before steps against the seller, securing evidence by photos, especially of the nib, is recommended.


How is the ink with 24-carat gold nanoparticles to be assessed, and what is to be considered in application and cleaning of the pen?

The 24k gold ink is a nanoparticle pigment, held in water, and was offered with an introductory price of around 139 euros but is meanwhile situated at around 290 euros. Document-proofness and water resistance arise only on drying on the paper; before that the ink behaves like a normal water-soluble ink. For cleaning the pen, therefore, clear tap water suffices; important is not to leave the pen unused too long, since the ink otherwise clumps and solidifies. Collectors voice concerns about the high price and see in a second pen the more sensible investment.


What experiences exist with pens of the Delta brand, especially with the Jubilee and the Dolce Vita?

Reports are split. With modern Delta models partly massive ink-flow problems up to writing unsuitability are reported; older pieces like the Delta Jubilee (lever filler, 18-carat nib, ink hose renewable if needed) count, by contrast, as on a par with the writing quality of a Montblanc 146 or 149. The Delta Dolce Vita also convinces in everyday use through reliable starting and clean writing behaviour. Overall Italian brands count as more design-bold and colourful but workmanship-wise more vulnerable than German standard brands; an experienced Delta dealer with working service is therefore recommended before purchase.


Which steps make sense in a Montblanc Mozart counterfeit case identified after eBay purchase if the seller does not agree to take back?

A lawyer is rarely financially worthwhile, since costs usually exceed the value of the writing instrument. Instead a free criminal complaint for fraud at the police is recommended, reporting the case to eBay (risk of account ban on multiple offences) and — with PayPal payment — claiming buyer protection. In experience sellers, after announcing these steps, often quickly relent and refund the purchase price. Recognition features of a Mozart counterfeit are unclean star engraving, deviating middle rings and a different twist mechanism than on the original.


Are experiences with the eBay seller topfitab40 available, and is a blacklist for eBay sellers sensible on the forum?

A forum-maintained blacklist is rejected by the operator for legal and maintenance reasons; the responsibility for a constantly current list could hardly be borne. Instead it is recommended to use the eBay rating system, possibly enquire in eBay forums and always buy carefully. Concretely topfitab40 (Stefan Zeilinger from Nuremberg) counts as a reputable supplier specialised in purchase and sale of used writing instruments, offers his own repairs, publishes real name with address and phone number and accepts complaints without exception. Several collectors confirm positive transactions including originality confirmed by the maker.


Which beginner pen with ergonomic grip and fine nib is suitable for a second-grader on whom normal Lamy models write too broad and too wet?

For school beginners the typical learning pens with knobbly ergo grip are still recommended, since children's hands deliberately should not handle slim writing instruments; a Mozart or a 1950s flex pen is therefore unsuitable, since steel nibs are more stable and everyday-suitable. Vintage writing instruments also bring ink-flow risks in everyday use. Concrete recommendations for cartridge pens with ergonomic grip and F nib are limited in the range around 50 euros; preferable is a test in a larger stationery specialist shop (e.g. Schreibmayr in Munich). The Rotring Initial is also named as a good but in trade hardly available variant; in the Penexchange forum a separate section on school pens with further experience reports exists.


Which variants and quantities of the Montblanc Teatro alla Scala exist, and is a 600-euro edition based on the 149 available?

According to the press text there are three variants: a 78 edition, a 7 edition with diamond setting and a single piece. Alongside, Montblanc Customer Service has confirmed a separate 149 special version at a price of around 600 euros sold exclusively in Italy; partly a limitation of 2,004 pieces is mentioned. This 149 variant differs from the standard 149 only by box, companion booklet and a large engraving on the cap and is, due to the manageable price, comparatively attractive for collectors.


How do you recognise the Montblanc counterfeits from a German bankruptcy-sale offer, and how do you proceed most sensibly against them?

Detailed indications for counterfeit recognition are found on fountainpen.de under 'Beware of Counterfeits' and in the PDF 'Counterfeits of Solitaire Meisterstücks — A Comparison', in which typical features e.g. on all-metal writing instruments are clearly documented. Reporting the auction to eBay by non-holders of the trademark right brings little; more effective is reporting to Montblanc as protection-rights holder, who gladly accepts such hints. A coordinated forum report is seen reservedly by the forum operator, since this is a private collector site and not an official Montblanc portal.


What is the advertising booklet 'Ein himmlisches Märchen' of the Tintenkuli Handels GmbH, and which product information about the inkpen does it contain?

'Ein himmlisches Märchen' is an advertising booklet of the Tintenkuli Handels GmbH Altona (Elbe), published in the early to mid-1930s. The booklet has a format of about 9 by 12 cm, comprises 16 pages including cover and additionally contains a four-page insert with thank-you letters. The humorous frame story describes how the office secretary Albert Lingenbring stands in his dream before Saint Peter, whose fountain pen blots while filling out the admission application, after which Lingenbring proudly shows his inkpen and explains its merits. Central product features are advertised: the writing tip consists of iridium and platinum; filling is done by dipping in the ink and pressing a filler button; the pen is then filled for weeks. The price was 6.50 marks, payable also in two monthly instalments, with one week's free trial period and three years' unrestricted warranty. The inkpen was distributed exclusively directly by the firm in Altona to exclude middlemen and imitations. On the enclosed order card the postage was 3 pfennigs if only the quantity was entered; with additional handwritten additions the postage rose to 6 pfennigs.


Which pen is suitable for daily entry into the upper class: Montblanc Meisterstück 146, OMAS Milord or Visconti Van Gogh Midi?

The Meisterstück 146 has the highest prestige value and uses acrylic resin, which in everyday use stays particularly scratch-resistant; Montblanc also offers reliable service over decades. OMAS models have a warm haptic, but the softer material shows clear use marks already after short use, and the complaint rate of older years was high. Similar quality concerns earlier applied to Visconti, which may have improved in younger models. Anyone seeking off the beaten brand path and valuing high-quality black/silver looks finds in S.T. Dupont (e.g. Orpheo) or Caran d'Ache an alternative; in Hannover Goebelhoff at Steintor carries S.T. Dupont. On the 146 with piston system the ink volume is comparable with about two standard cartridges.


What does the letter K on a gold-coloured sticker on a Montblanc 32 mean?

The K denotes the nib width 'Kugelfeder' (ball nib). Such ball nibs were also offered by other makers like Pelikan or Faber-Castell as KF, KM etc. and often have two breather holes, which allows stronger turning in different directions — good for changing writing posture, e.g. in exams. In writing behaviour they count, however, as rather characterless. A detailed overview of rare nib widths at Montblanc can be found in the fountainpen.de newsletter from February 2005 from page 12.


How can one classify counterfeits offered as commercial on eBay, brazenly described, including counterfeit watches with positive ratings, and what protection mechanisms exist?

Even professional suppliers with disclaimer may, in Germany, generally not sell counterfeits; a disclaimer does not exclude criminal liability. The positive rating situation of such suppliers does not necessarily prove reputability, since the eBay verification seal can be imitated by HTML manipulation; the actual PostIdent procedure via Deutsche Post AG, by contrast, is built on identity-card basis and harder to fake. With watches especially the box (Montblanc uses black, not red boxes) is an indicator; a first counterfeit with a real automatic movement would already require a minimum calculation beyond 300 euros, which permits doubts about movement quality. Bidders should check supplier and auction behaviour critically and report violations to the trademark holder.


Are the German-language Montblanc forums still needed, and how should one deal with declining maintenance of fountainpen.de?

The forum operator sees the declining maintenance as a result of shifted private and professional priorities and an intensified collecting focus on old Montblanc pieces; advertising or a handover of the platform are excluded, since the project is purely hobby-driven. The collector community is also changing: many formerly engaged members no longer collect or no longer Montblanc-focused. Despite recent weaknesses, fountainpen.de remains the most important German-language contact point for Montblanc collectors; collectors largely react rejectingly to a shutdown and insist on the value of a German-language forum alongside FPN and Penexchange. Discussed are also questions of whether two German-language forums are needed and how recent Montblanc marketing decisions (e.g. on the 100-year anniversary or the model history of the 149) affect collecting interest.


Which suppliers and experiences exist for perfumed or scented fountain-pen inks?

Alongside the Berlin ink manufactory von Blythen, Franz-Josef Jansen (tintenonline.de) has been offering scented inks with good flow properties for years; especially the Lavender Blue scented ink is described as excellent and is even suitable for elaborate skeleton pens. Collectors report positively about the variants Fir Green with and without lemon (discreet scent, very good flow in Montblanc 146 and 144) and about fine bakelite screw caps and safe packaging; value for money is regarded as very good. Anyone wanting to move away from monotone black or royal blue finds in scented inks a sensual extension of letter writing (addressing the sense of smell).


What is known about the Montblanc Artisan editions Otto von Bismarck and Fortune 88, and what price is to be expected for the Fortune 88?

The Otto von Bismarck edition is limited to 75 pieces, executed in white gold with oak-leaf inlays, filled with cartridges and has a twist closure of the cap directly behind the nib. The skeleton Fortune 88 is intended for the Asian market, kept in red gold, formally modelled on the Skeleton 333, and shows interlocking eights as the Asian lucky number. According to Montblanc, the Fortune 88 is to cost around 22,000 euros; collector estimates beforehand were between 15,000 and 18,000 euros. Photos can be viewed in the forum holdings and on fountainpennetwork.com.


Can subsequent engravings on cap or clip of current Montblanc writing instruments be removed?

Removal of the engraving itself is not possible on modern writing instruments, since the material consists of synthetic resin and cannot be filled without visible traces. Only two ways are practical: first, the inserted colour within the engraving can be removed so it looks more inconspicuous; second, on comparatively new pieces, the engraved part can be exchanged within the service flat fee at Montblanc, although the reason for the complaint must be clearly formulated and an ungraved replacement component expressly requested.


What characterises the Fotografica Pen by S.C. Lucht und Probst, and how does the integrated Stanhope lens work?

The Fotografica Pen is a twist ballpoint modelled on a Leica, produced in an edition of 500 unnumbered examples and not reproduced, since Stanhope lenses are no longer available. The Stanhope lens is in the twist knob: pull off the knob, hold it in front of the eye and look against a bright light source; the image lies inside the lens system (selection from 23 motifs). The piece is delivered in a plain gift box together with a leather case (Bereitschaftstasche of full-grain cowhide, walnut brown) that protects the writing instrument all around; however, the pen should not be anchored in the case with the clip, since the leather surface can be damaged that way.


Is the repair and value of an older Montblanc 1276 gold pen along with a defective Parker writing instrument worthwhile, and how do you sell the pieces if needed?

The 1276 is a solid-gold piston pen, produced 1971 to 1975 (according to Collectible Stars). First cleaning attempts with a clear water bath are often successful; if writing behaviour is still too fine afterwards, nib swap or service repair come into consideration but are economically only sensible on valuable pieces. Repair addresses can be found under Care–Repair and weblinks on fountainpen.de; further hints come via regional collector regulars' tables (e.g. Karlsruhe via the C.A.S.). For sale, waiting until the end of the summer holidays and turning to collector or show platforms with fair pricing is recommended, instead of often uninterested stationery specialist dealers.


How should one deal with the 285 various Montblanc counterfeits shown on a Chinese website, and which buying rules follow from this?

The quality of Chinese counterfeits has meanwhile reached the point that even white stars in the packaging and Solitaire cap tops are credibly copied; pictures alone barely allow distinguishing originals from counterfeits. Original goods are therefore to be bought exclusively from authorised Montblanc specialist dealers; authorised dealers may not sell Montblanc writing instruments via the internet, so online offers are basically suspicious. With foreign eBay sellers in particular the risk of being handed a counterfeit is very high, with no practical reclamation options afterwards. Counterfeits of other luxury brands (S.T. Dupont, Cartier) are offered by the same maker.


Which inexpensive, qualitatively high-quality blotter rockers or roller blotters for open office environments are recommendable?

In the entry range, the roller blotters by Lerche present themselves as inexpensive, practical and well-made. A step above are blotter rockers by ElCasco that visually fit excellently with Montblanc writing instruments, are significantly more substantial but price-wise still under the classic Montblanc blotter rockers. Genuine Montblanc blotter rockers with silver-coloured body and black leather inlay are rare and are produced rather for corporate-customer presents in small editions (e.g. No. 07791, in the Presents of Character brochure); they barely turn up in boutiques but rather in well-stocked specialist stationery trade. Caution is warranted with supposedly silver-coloured Montblanc blotter rockers from eBay, since such model variants count as counterfeit-suspect.


How reliable is the serial number of a Montblanc Bohème Noir rollerball from eBay as proof of authenticity, and does Montblanc still produce rollerballs at all?

Montblanc continues to produce rollerballs; contrary statements from specialist trade are incorrect. An official end-customer-accessible serial-number database for authenticity check does not exist. On the Bohème, the Pix imprint under the clip is to be expected, and on fountainpen.de under the PDF boheme-vergleich.pdf typical counterfeit features for model comparison can be found. Online sales by authorised Montblanc dealers are forbidden; therefore eBay bargains under dealer purchase price are critical; suspicious are short eBay lifespan, few ratings and unusual purchase handling. PayPal protection is limited and only effective up to a maximum of 500 euros, possibly with additional own contribution; on more expensive pieces the damage in counterfeit case is mostly only partially covered.


Which properties and prices have the new permanent Montblanc inks 2013 in blue and black?

Montblanc releases two new permanent inks in blue and black, supplementary to the older Blue-Black variant; they will be available in unchanged bottle form and also as cartridges, with minimalist design (white boxes and labels). In the water test the writing is significantly better readable than with classic inks, which confirms the actual permanent quality. Visually the ink recalls acrylic media for artists; the blue variant resembles a Herbin Blue-Black; the black is a very deep, non-glossy grey. The behaviour on inferior paper will still have to show. The price lies around 50 per cent above the standard Montblanc inks and so moves in the range of high-quality Japanese permanent inks like Sailor.


How is the new Skeleton Edition Tchaikovsky by Montblanc to be assessed in relation to the Duomo, the limitation of 130 pieces and the price of 17,900 euros?

The Tchaikovsky Skeleton Edition is design-wise close to the Duomo and so seems to collectors rather conservative; the classic shape, however, basically fits the composer theme. At a sales price of around 17,900 euros, the limitation to 130 pieces (oriented on a premiere) is felt as too high to still speak of a true limitation; Montblanc could harm itself in the long term thereby. In the further course, editions like a 241 Artisan piece (oriented on a march length) are announced, often available in markets outside Germany. Pictures of both Tchaikovsky variants can be found on cruzaltpens.com.


How can a Montblanc Meisterstück Le Grand 146 acquired on eBay with a small clip imperfection and a comparatively weak serial number be checked for authenticity?

Piston pens of the Meisterstück 146 have so far not been credibly counterfeited in quality, so the described Pix imprint in the clip, the red to wine-red shimmering precious resin and the overall appearance speak for an original. The small bump in the clip is a manufacturing imperfection without influence on authenticity; only at the specialist trade would it be complaint-worthy. It looks different on cartridge models like the Classique 145, on which already very convincing counterfeits exist; a corresponding shift of counterfeit quality to ballpoints and rollerballs is only a matter of time.


Which filling mechanism does the Montblanc Rouge et Noir replica of 2006 have?

The Rouge et Noir replica exists in two variants. The more expensive variant, limited to 100 pieces, takes over the historical safety filling system (slide pen) of the original, in which the nib is protected by sliding the mechanism in and out. The cheaper variant, produced in 15,000 pieces, is despite similar look a cartridge pen with a special slide mechanism: instead of unscrewing the nib as on the Bohème, the grip section together with part of the body is pushed backwards.


Must nibs of Montblanc fountain pens always carry a logo or visible inscription, or can a nib without imprint also be authentic?

A fully missing imprint on the nib occurs on older Montblanc models from the 1960s to 1980s, e.g. on devices with hooded nib in which the engraving is only visible after disassembly. Current writing instruments, by contrast, should always have a visible nib engraving; where this is not the case, often a foreign nib was fitted, since the original nib would have to be replaced expensively. In the concrete picture example it is a Generation I model (Generation II has a broader cap ring) with a gold-plated steel nib actually belonging to the Classic. The Generation Classic, as a cartridge pen, has anyway no compulsory imprint. The hooded nib on the 31 is reachable by unscrewing the section.


Are the felt-and-leather pen cleaners offered at Manufactum suitable for cleaning high-quality gold nibs with platinum coating?

The classic pen cleaners are unsuitable for high-quality nibs because abrasion is too high and especially gold platings and platinum coatings can be worn off. They are also problematic for gold-plated stainless-steel nibs. As everyday care for high-quality nibs not to be recommended; rather usable as a nostalgic collector's piece or for simple school nibs.


How should fountain pens of celluloid or hard rubber be stored long-term safely to prevent material damage?

Celluloid pens should, during long storage, be filled with water about every three months; some of it is absorbed by the material and prolongs its life; the rest evaporates via cap-residue condensation. Hard rubber and celluloid must be stored light-protected, since especially sunlight leads to discolouration (hard rubber turns grey to fawn through sulphur oxidation) and material decomposition. Celluloid is typically recognised by powerful, colourful colours; hard rubber by dark, muted tones like black, dark red or muted orange; reliable distinction of black pieces is visually hardly possible. Functioning collector pieces should not be stored with ink but with water, since ink on drying damages mechanism and seals; before storage, thorough flushing is needed. Writing instruments after 1960 can be stored without water filling but should be flushed beforehand.


Did Montblanc have a model No. 37, or is an old school pen with blue-transparent cartridge holder a 31?

Model number 37 at Montblanc was not a fountain pen but a ballpoint; the school pen described is therefore to be assigned to the cartridge variant of model 31, even if the addition P at the cap ring is missing — it was not engraved because piston and cartridge versions have identical caps. A blue-transparent plastic insert at the barrel end is exactly the recognition feature of the cartridge version. After thorough cleaning with clear water a converter from Pelikan or Waterman fits; today's Montblanc converters by contrast have a modern thread that may not fit. A factory overhaul is not economically worthwhile for this model (service flat fee from around 250 euros), while own repair or a parts donor are significantly cheaper ways.


Can discolourations on a hard-rubber pen (Kaweco Elite 187F) caused by long bath in water with detergent be reversed?

Hard rubber contains a high sulphur content activated by water or UV light and depositing as superficial discolouration; in ultrasonic baths the effect occurs within seconds. Re-colouring the material is not possible, but the sulphur film can be removed mechanically by careful polishing, although here too slightly material and thus possibly surface structures or fine engravings are removed. Older Montblanc pens can also be of hard rubber or celluloid and react similarly; celluloid can develop cracks after drying with too long water contact.


Where are the old fountainpen.de newsletters from 2004 to 2007 still retrievable?

In the forum thread direct PDF links to all old fountainpen.de newsletters are stored: newsletters 1 to 5 from 2004, a newsletter 01-06 from 2006, the issues no. 1 (in low and high resolution) and no. 2 from 2005 and the newsletter no. 1 from 2007 (each in low and high resolution). A planned subsequent maintenance on the main website was at the time of the discussion still pending, especially since the newsletter was discontinued for time reasons.


How do you recognise whether online shops or eBay providers for high-priced Montblanc writing instruments like the Starwalker are reputable?

An authorised Montblanc specialist trade with shop premises is basically to be preferred for new purchase, since in case of complaint a direct contact is available. Collectors advise checking the self-presentation pages of eBay sellers carefully: sales counters from business closures or typical formulations like 'house warranty' and 'free special polish' indicate that these are not authorised dealers. Important to know is that such suppliers often deliver real goods but cannot grant a Montblanc factory warranty. Recommended is studying the rating history before purchase and only buying from sellers rated positively several times, ideally where own or others' experience exists.


Which makers and which age can be determined for an old silver pencil with '900' hallmark and for a Wahl-Eversharp pencil?

The angular pencil with the '900' hallmark is a typical Pforzheim piece from the time before 1900, whose housing is of solid 900 silver and whose clip shape is characteristic for this region; engravings were at the time still done by hand. With silver-cleaning agent the pencil can be made to shine again. Wahl Eversharp is a tradition-rich US brand whose production was discontinued about 40 to 50 years ago. In the USA there is a larger collector circle for it; to continental Europe these writing instruments — except for England — were barely exported, which is why they are rarely encountered here.


Are the leather-bound Montblanc special catalogues for the Limited Editions still available in the boutiques?

The black leather ring binders titled 'Limited Editions' lay exclusively in the Montblanc boutiques, generally with only one example per boutique. They were mostly not openly displayed but could be inspected on polite request. Updating of these folders was discontinued in 2002 and not resumed since. As a replacement a consumer brochure was later distributed free in the boutiques; in normal specialist trade these special catalogues are not available.


Where are the three-digit model numbers found on Montblanc Meisterstücks, and according to which system are they assigned?

On most writing instruments the model number is not directly imprinted; on some 146 and 149 fountain pens it is found on the cap ring (e.g. 'Meisterstück 146'). The numbering system is historically grown: the first digit denotes the series (up to WWII there was additionally the '4' for school and stylo writing instruments; the '3xx' was not a pure pupil line but simply the third series). The second digit stands for size, the third for device type: 4 fountain pen, 6 ballpoint, 7 twist pencil. Thus 114 denotes a fountain pen, 116 a ballpoint and 117 a twist pencil.


How do you clean a clogged ink channel of an older piston pen, and how can tarnished gold nibs be made to shine again?

On a clogged ink channel it is recommended to fill the pen with water, leave it lying for a few days and then thoroughly flush with water; that often suffices. For polishing pure gold nibs, Wenol is very well suited and can also be used on body or clip. Important: gold-plated nibs may not be treated with Wenol, since the agent polishes off the thin gold layer. For gold-plated parts and gentle care, a silver-cleaning cloth or special polishing cloth is the right choice. Wenol develops a quite strong odour, which is to be considered as a disadvantage.


Which Waterman fountain pen from the 1950s needs a special filling mechanism, and how can matching cartridges or converters be obtained?

The model is the Waterman 'CF' from 1953, produced until the late 1970s in various versions. The CF needs special cartridges or a hose converter, since Waterman in the 1980s changed the filling mechanism and today's usual cartridges no longer fit. If old cartridges can still be found, they can in a pinch be refilled by hand with a syringe (e.g. obtainable from the family doctor). For deeper research, the Waterman specialist Volker Kirkel is referenced, who advises collectors in detail.


Why does the cap of a Meisterstück 163 rollerball not sit correctly on the body, and can it be exchanged?

If the cap sinks about 2 mm too little onto the body, with high probability a fountain-pen cap (typically from the 144 Meisterstück) is fitted whose inner cap is too large for the rollerball. The inner cap of a rollerball is significantly smaller and only encloses the ball tip of the refill. Exchanging only the inner part is not possible, since Montblanc principally does not sell spare parts to end customers — this also serves to curb the counterfeit industry. An original rollerball inner cap as a repair item costs in experience at least 50 euros via the works service.


Can Montblanc nibs be reground, and which suppliers are recommendable in Europe for nib modifications?

Nib regrinds are basically also possible on Montblanc nibs. As an alternative to the US specialists Mottishaw and Binder, collectors recommend in Europe John Sorowka ('Oxonian') in England, who, after multiple experience, delivers equivalent quality; per nib the regrind costs about 45 pounds (around 53 euros including shipping); common reworkings are e.g. from B to stub or italic. On customs questions on shipping to the USA and back, only customs itself gives binding information — legal ways exist; the exact formalities, however, change and should be enquired about directly.


What to do if a new Montblanc Meisterstück 146 is felt as too fine or scratches with heavy writing?

Adjusting to a new pen is generally necessary; in most cases the cause lies not in the writing instrument but in user adaptation. For heavy writers who have to mind tendinitis, the larger 149 is ergonomically often better, since the thicker body strains the arm tendon less. An M nib should not scratch on normal paper; problems mostly occur on very inexpensive paper or when the nib tines do not stand cleanly to each other. Good papers like Clairefontaine are recommended. Anyone with a nib-swap guarantee at the dealer can also have the nib width adjusted afterwards in the boutique without problems.


Does a Montblanc special edition 'Beethoven Bernstein 9' actually exist, and how is it to be classified?

The edition, after research at Montblanc, comes indeed from the Artisan department and was at short notice in September 2004 made on demand of marketing for a concert of the Philharmonic of the Nations in China. It was rated factory-side as very inconspicuous and qualitatively little convincing ('the ugliest thing we ever produced'). The pieces are genuine, but the porcelain cap with the photorealistic motifs arose under time pressure. The whole Artisan line was not officially advertised, which is why even with renowned collectors little knowledge circulates about it.


Should one actually use high-priced Limited Editions like the Montblanc Patron of the Art line (e.g. Tate) or only collect them?

Within the collector scene there are two main positions: some lovers use all their writing instruments including limited editions in everyday life and take them to the office; others deliberately buy two examples, one for the display case, one for writing. That dealers refuse trial writing on Patron of Art pieces has a factual reason: these editions are predominantly acquired by collectors who only want 'virgin' examples in their collection, and on shows inked pieces are significantly harder to sell. Ultimately it is a personal decision — anyone not prioritising the value aspect can use the pieces without having to justify themselves.


What does the inscription 'Pix' on Montblanc writing instruments mean?

'Pix' originally goes back to a designation protected by Montblanc in the 1930s for a certain pencil-lead-feed mechanism. Due to trademark protection rights, Montblanc moved in 2004 to using this term — which is still associated with Montblanc — on further writing instruments to secure the trademark. The inscription has today no technical meaning any more but serves primarily trademark protection.


How do you distinguish Montblanc Noblesse and Slimline, and which model is a pen with matt stainless-steel housing and gold-plated fittings?

It is a Montblanc Noblesse I (first version) with matt stainless-steel housing, gold-plated fittings and a 14-carat gold nib; these models were made until the late 1980s. Important for distinction: Slimline writing instruments rank below the Noblesse line and are recognisable by simpler workmanship. On some online sources Slimline models (e.g. the 1122) are mistakenly listed as Noblesse — correct attribution is via nib material (gold nib on the Noblesse) and housing version.


What is known about the Montblanc Skeleton Limited Edition 'Eiffel Tower', especially price and availability?

The Skeleton Edition 'Eiffel Tower' was offered in selected boutiques (e.g. Hamburg, Neuer Wall) at a price of about 17,000 euros. The edition counts as successful; a quick sell-out is, however, not expected — other Artisan editions also lie longer in boutiques without all storing for two or more years. For example, the last Chaplin was acquired only two years after edition start. Anyone wanting to inspect the edition up close can ask the boutique or the Artisan Studio for detail pictures or display pieces.


What to do if a Waterman Carène M, despite factory repair, writes disproportionately thick and the maker's communication peters out?

In such complaint cases it is purposeful to involve the dealer where the pen was bought, since this dealer can exert effective pressure on the maker than the end customer can. With email correspondence it should be considered that messages occasionally remain in the spam filter, which is why a phone enquiry or letter can be sensible. If maker and dealer both do not respond, at least it should be documented that the dealer originally responded — that strengthens the position in later legal steps.


How can hairline scratches on a Montblanc nib be removed, and which polishes are safe?

Before polishing the nib should be inspected closely under a microscope or stereo loupe (e.g. at the optician) — often it is just lint instead of real scratches. With bicolour nibs caution is warranted, since the platinum inlay is no massive layer but only a coating and can be removed by too frequent polishing. Suitable for gold nibs is Vienna lime, which is softer than gold and only smooths the fine burrs at the scratch edge. For regular gentle care a silver-cleaning cloth is recommended, also suitable for gold-plated parts and removing smaller discolourations and fine scratches. Cloth handkerchiefs generally do not cause new scratches.


Is the eBay seller 'pen-seller' reputable for Montblanc purchases, and which warranty and return rights apply on online purchase?

The seller is described in the collector scene as reputable, with proper invoice and the usual 2-year warranty. When buying from a commercial dealer in distance selling (internet, telephone, doorstep), additionally a 14-day return right exists, also without reason. Important: Montblanc principally forbids its authorised specialist dealers distribution via the internet — reputable eBay sellers are generally not authorised dealers; the warranty thus comes from the seller themselves, not directly from Montblanc. Warranty cards are handed over depending on supplier with or without factory stamp.


How are the writing instruments of the manufacturer Achim Velte ('Style of Writing'), especially the edition 'Himmelsscheibe von Nebra', to be assessed?

Collectors report consistently positive experiences with the writing instruments of Achim Velte: workmanship is highly praised; the designs count as substantial and exceptional. The edition 'Himmelsscheibe von Nebra' is particularly highlighted as successful. Velte also makes individualised pieces to customer wish, arising as single pieces or in small series. Due to high collecting affinity, lovers often reach for several examples of the same line; the design of some models is perceived as more feminine, which is why it finds less attention in some men's collections.


How does filling an old Fabula safety pen with retractable nib work?

The pen is a safety of the brand Fabula (maker Aura GmbH, Munich), presumably from the 1920s. With this construction principle the nib is retracted by the twist mechanism so that filling is done via the front opening with a pipette — not via the rear end. Before first ink use it should be checked with water whether the writing instrument is still tight; on leakage the cork seal must be renewed. With nib retracted, the closure mechanism seals the opening, so the ink stays inside.


Which differences exist between Montblanc Classique and LeGrand rollerball refills, and which rollerball is better suited for heavy writers?

The Classique rollerball refills contain a liquid ink filling and hold more ink than the LeGrand refills, in which the ink soaks a sponge; own investigations, however, show that a sponge can also be fitted in the Classique refill. Criticism in collector forums refers predominantly to the shorter range of the LeGrand refills. Both models count basically as usable; the practical difference lies above all in the frequency of refill change. For final decision a trial grip in specialist trade is recommended, since the LeGrand is generally described as more pleasant in the hand.


How can a small Montblanc safety pen with retractable nib be identified and assessed?

It is a Montblanc Safety from the 1920s in size '0' — the second-smallest build of the time (smaller was only the '00'/Baby model). The model size is engraved on the nib. Such Safeties were at the time often individualised with precious-metal overlays by goldsmiths or jewellers; the overlay therefore typically does not come from Montblanc itself. For value determination, comparison with currently running eBay auctions of similar pieces is recommended, since collector prices depend strongly on preservation state and overlay quality. The regular eBay marketplace (not Kleinanzeigen) offers international reach for achieving market-appropriate prices.


Which contents and basic data does the exhibition catalogue 'Pelikan – Ein Unternehmen schreibt Geschichte' for the 170-year company anniversary offer?

From 20 February to 13 July 2008 the Historical Museum Hannover dedicated an exhibition to the Pelikan company for the 170-year anniversary. The accompanying exhibition catalogue 'Pelikan – Ein Unternehmen schreibt Geschichte' is a hardcover with about 136 pages in 21 by 25.5 cm format and appeared in the series 'Schriften des Historischen Museums Hannover' under ISBN 978-3-910073-31-9. Two of the three authors are employees of the museum; contributions on writing instruments were written by Jürgen Dittmer. The catalogue is divided, among others, into the prefaces of the museum director and the Pelikan vice-president, a section '1838–1905. In the service of art', contributions to the brand Pelikan and to the adhesive Pelikanol, the section '1906–1945. The Pelikan conquers the world' with texts on the district of List and on the new building, a presentation of the beginnings of Pelikan writing instruments, a section on art education, the period '1946–1977. Lifelong Pelikan' with contributions on the Pelikano and the local competitor Geha, and the section '1978–2008. Losses and changes' with contributions on office products, the renaissance of the classic fountain pen, literature notes, outlook and advertising art. The catalogue contains numerous illustrations of posters, billboards and products from cartridge pen to adhesive.


Did the Montblanc models 244 and 272 actually also exist in a black-grey colour variant?

The models 244 and 272 count among the most sought-after non-Meisterstück post-war models from Montblanc. They actually exist in several sizes and colour variants, including the black-grey stripe pattern. These multi-colour versions are today significantly rarer on the collector market than the plain black variants and correspondingly in demand. For founded identification of the specific variant, relevant Montblanc specialist literature documenting all known sizes and colourings is referenced.


How can an old pen with Asian characters, rubber-bag filling and the inscription 'Parker 1/10 12 K Gold Filled' be identified?

It is an original Parker 51 in 12-carat gold-filled cover with East Asian engraving, no copy. Exact identification succeeds via the embossed 'PARKER 51' inside and the typical engraving guide for filling. Asian copies of the Parker 51 are widespread, which is why such finds are first uncertain. The translated characters yield, in combination with the logo, a meaning like 'extent' and 'jade/gemstone' and indicate a special marking. The Parker 51 line counts as very robust and can be operated with nearly any common ink.


Should one actively inform bidders or sellers of Montblanc counterfeits on eBay, and which measures are sensible?

The practice is debated: some collectors deliberately contact bidders and/or sellers; in rare cases truly unwitting sellers can thus be enlightened; but in nearly all cases it is conscious fraud, so the effort remains in vain. Other collectors basically contact no one with the justification that 'greed eats brain' and potential buyers should research themselves before purchase. If sellers do not respond to a first email, a direct report to Montblanc is recommended — the maker actively pursues such hints. On successful sale of a counterfeit the buyer can additionally file a complaint.


Is a concrete Montblanc model a Noblesse or a Slimline, and where do the differences lie?

Distinguishing between Noblesse and Slimline is not trivial; even standard literature like 'Collectible Stars' delivers in part contradictory attributions. Slimline is the cheaper variant and ranks below the Noblesse, equipped with gold nib; the piece discussed in the forum was rather assigned by collectors to the Slimline. On the question whether the Noblesse ever existed with steel nib, no final sources exist. Functionally there are hardly differences — both models write excellently, so the correct designation is primarily relevant for collectors.


What is known about the Montblanc Architect's Pen (patent 1924), and how rare are complete examples?

The Architect Pen is a piston pen patented in 1924 that supplies a ruling pen with drawing ink via a thin tube; the piston mechanism counts as technically more mature than on the first regular piston pens. Complete examples with original packaging, instructions and cleaning needle are very rare and hotly coveted in collector circles. Of the 'Norma' (variant with funnel nibs) only a few examples are also known. Collectors with larger holdings typically own four or more Architect Pens; the patent specifications supplement the documentation.


How do you classify an old Montblanc ballpoint with model number '36 501' temporally and value-wise?

The ballpoint described is likely to correspond to a model 281, made between 1971 and 1979. For value determination there is an established guide widely used in collector circles, especially providing comparison with current eBay auctions. Decisive for the price are preservation state, completeness (packaging, replacement refills) and any engravings, which reduce value.


How can stubborn ink deposits be removed from an old feed (e.g. Greif Gold from the 1940s)?

On old writing instruments, ink pigments penetrate the material surface and there form a relatively firm bond with the material that cannot be fully removed either by mere soaking or in the ultrasonic bath. Mechanical work is necessary: collectors use sheet-metal gauges, a scalpel from medical supply or used dentist's instruments from flea markets to clean the channels of the feed cautiously. Before exchanging a feed it should be checked whether an original-faithful replacement is available — not every feed fits mechanically or capillary-technically all models.


How can an old Montblanc Masterpiece 744-N set with 585 gold housing be valued, and can an engraving be removed?

For value determination, an established guide on the forum is referenced that all collectors use. High-quality 744-N sets can, in intact condition, achieve four-digit amounts; a personal engraving, however, reduces the value clearly. Subsequent removal of an engraving is theoretically possible (by filling with gold) but in practice barely feasible, since the surface cannot be restored without visible traces. Before sale a professional overhaul is recommended, since long-unused writing instruments often show sealing and mechanism problems.


Are the Montblanc writing instruments from the Generation line in the Galeria Kaufhof anniversary campaign genuine factory ware?

The Montblanc Generation writing instruments from the Kaufhof anniversary campaign, according to information from Montblanc, come from their own stock, which the Kaufhof chain had collected over a longer period — these are real remainders, not special deliveries. Prices were below the conditions even authorised dealers can achieve directly with Montblanc. Such campaigns must, by law, be available for at least two days; the offer was nationwide; popular models (e.g. pencils for 79 euros) were therefore quickly sold out online, while branches still had stock.


Why does ink drip from the mechanism of a Meisterstück 146 after filling, and how can the problem be remedied?

When the pen was held completely under water during cleaning, on operating the piston mechanism water penetrates into the rear area (mechanism chamber). On renewed drawing-up this remaining water mixes with ink and then visibly emerges from the rear ring. Remedy is provided by repeated dry-wiping of the mechanism area after filling. If that does not help, a factory repair is necessary — Montblanc reliably remedies such defects. For disassembling the piston mechanism English-language guides exist (e.g. on fountainpennetwork.com); aids of soft wire (paper clips) are unsuitable; a cocktail fork with bent prongs or a dedicated mechanic's key are the better tools.


How can a Montblanc Le Grand Platinum 146 acquired via the internet be verified as an original by packaging and nib details?

The angular or oblong packaging with inner lining is typical of the period before 2006 and counts as an indicator of an original from this period. The small notch in the nib area is found on all Montblanc writing instruments from the mid-1990s and is also an authenticity feature. Information on concrete serial numbers is given only by Montblanc service directly; a photo with good resolution of the nib reverse, cap and case logo eases a remote-diagnostic assessment. Distortions on the case logo alone are no counterfeit indicator, provided workmanship and lettering remain clean.


How do you correctly care for writing instruments and cases of ostrich or alligator leather?

For exotic leather types like ostrich, crocodile or alligator leather, a special American care wax is suitable that works with natural oils and preserves the leather over long periods almost like new. Montblanc on enquiry also confirms that care wax is the only correct agent for such leather types — conventional leather care or creams are not suitable. Application should be sparing and at regular intervals to preserve the natural structure of the leather.


How do you recognise high-quality Montblanc counterfeits (e.g. Alexander Humboldt, Chronograph) on eBay, and how do you protect yourself as a beginner?

On a counterfeit Alexander Humboldt the genuine silver inlays on cap and body are missing; the body is overall too thin and the nib does not match the original — the typical 'embellishment' is on the fake merely burned into the barrel; the piston is often missing too. On Montblanc watch counterfeits, a dial not available on the original and a qualitatively inferior movement betray the deception. Protection for beginners: check seller history precisely, only buy from verifiably positively rated sellers with writing-instrument experience and above all only acquire models one knows precisely. The wish to have handover at a boutique is generally not enforceable as a private buyer.


What to do if a Meisterstück 149 (e.g. Andree Putman set) draws air on filling and barely takes up ink any more?

The behaviour described — air emerging from the nib on drawing up, barely ink absorption — is a classic symptom of a clogged feed. Even a single filling with dried black ink can suffice to clog the capillaries so much that feed and piston have to be exchanged. As a first measure, long, multi-day soaking with subsequent flushing is to be tried. If that brings no success, factory repair at Montblanc is unavoidable; they routinely carry out such complete cleanings.


Does Montblanc ink have an expiry date, and how do you recognise whether an ink bottle is already a shelf warmer?

On newer Montblanc ink boxes and on the 'shoe' of the ink bottle a white transverse stripe is printed; if this is missing it can be older shelf goods. Ink in principle has a best-before date that can be found on the packaging. In practice, ready-mixed water-based ink stays stable long, provided the bottle is tightly closed; even collectors who have emptied many bottles barely observe real quality losses over the years. Iron-gall inks and chemically more complex types behave differently and can actually oxidise or thicken.


Is buying a high-quality Montblanc Starwalker as ballpoint or rather as rollerball worthwhile, and are there objective writing advantages over inexpensive writing instruments?

The choice between ballpoint and rollerball is primarily a personal decision; collectors who themselves only write with fountain pens refer to personal comparison in specialist trade as the best decision basis. Factually: a Montblanc ballpoint refill is not in principle easier to guide than a good plastic ballpoint refill, and Montblanc ink hardly differs qualitatively from high-quality alternatives like Pelikan 4001. The added value lies above all in workmanship, material quality, ergonomics and haptics of the body, less in pure writing performance. Rollerball refills are shorter-lived and so more expensive in consumption.


Which features characterise the new Montblanc Starwalker Doué line, and when is it available?

The Starwalker Doué is priced between the black Starwalker and the Starwalker Rubber. The resin barrel carries — like the cap or the ballpoint grip section — a striking transverse guilloché and looks at first glance as if of metal, although it is made of resin. The line is already deliverable in the boutiques, even if it is not necessarily listed on the Montblanc homepage. The fountain pen is also available in EF nib width. With offers in atypical colours (e.g. blue) caution is warranted — Starwalker Doué were made by Montblanc exclusively in the official standard colours; deviating versions indicate counterfeits.


Which ten stylish fountain pens does the Welt Online Special present, and how is the list structured?

The Welt Online offer 'Die Welt Besten' under besten.welt.de offers rankings from lifestyle and luxury, including hotels, restaurants, chill-out lounges, coffee houses, structures, TV series, dream streets and theatres, and contains under besten.welt.de/stilvolle+fuellfederhalter also a selection of ten stylish fountain pens. The listing is expressly not a ranking but an alphabetical sorting by maker, which addresses the question of a subjective order. Classics like Montblanc, Pelikan and Faber-Castell are represented, while makers highly valued by connoisseurs like Delta or Sheaffer are missing, who could have appealed to a broader public on this platform.


How are Sailor fountain pens (e.g. model 1911) to be assessed in writing and quality terms, and where can they be sourced?

Sailor fountain pens are not officially distributed in Germany, which complicates procurement; sourcing routes lead via specialised dealers like missingpen or via online shops in England, Malaysia and other markets. Model 1911 (also in 'Forrest Green' or dark blue) is offered with gold nibs in 14, 21 or higher carat strengths. On first unpacking the visual impression can disappoint given the price (around 300 euros for a 1911); the writing feel is, however, after some familiarisation described as very pleasant — especially the nib variety counts as a strength of the brand. Original papers and shipping duration are to be considered on overseas purchase.


May pictures from the fountainpen.de website be reused on one's own private internet pages?

No, reuse is not permitted. The photos on fountainpen.de are exclusively intended for the own website; an unrestricted authorisation to use is not granted, not even in individual cases. Background: on eBay numerous counterfeits are advertised with foreign original photos, which is why image rights are consistently protected. International enforcement is, however, complicated; this does not justify exceptions. Anyone needing image material must enquire directly with the respective maker or rights holder or take their own photos.


Which contents does the book 'Schriftstücke — Autographen aus sieben Jahrhunderten' offer for writing-instrument collectors?

'Schriftstücke — Autographen aus sieben Jahrhunderten' is a more than two-kilo volume from Gerstenberg Verlag of 2005 with about 290 pages in 25 by 32 cm format, ISBN 3-8067-2939-5, based on the collection of Pedro Correa do Lago. The book presents handwritten samples of famous personalities from seven centuries, from artistically designed scripts to the hastily scribbled note, supplemented by manuscripts, drawings and autograph cards as well as short biographies. Anecdotally illuminated are e.g. Goethe's wine order, Rubens as author of an espionage report to the Spanish king, George Sand's worry about Chopin or Wagner's begging letters. The English original texts are not translated; other languages are, however, supplied in the appendix. For collectors, especially Montblanc collectors, the facsimiles are particularly interesting, since many namesake personalities of the writing instruments are represented, including Peter the Great, Voltaire, the Marquise de Pompadour, Catherine II the Great, Frédéric Chopin, Fyodor Dostoevsky, Frederick II the Great, Oscar Wilde, Marcel Proust, Ernest Hemingway and Greta Garbo. The handwritten sources range from detailed letter and drawing through notes to the address on a letter in Kafka's case, a signed photo with Virginia Woolf and William Faulkner or a signature on a cheque with Charles Dickens.


Which inks are suitable for old fountain pens (especially vintage models with cork seal)?

In principle only water-soluble inks should be used in old fountain pens. Royal-blue Montblanc ink is unobjectionable for historical fountain pens with cork seals — reports of 'eaten-up' cork seals can mostly be traced to already pre-damaged material, not the ink preparation itself. Bordeaux-red Montblanc ink has, by contrast, in individual cases caused problems with old seals and is to be used with care. Pelikan royal blue (4001) counts as a tried and very compatible ink for vintage pens. Iron-gall inks and strongly colour-saturated specialty inks are to be avoided in old writing instruments.


How can the nib unit of a Montblanc 144 be removed in order to swap nibs between Slip Cap and Twist Cap versions?

To unscrew nib and feed from the front section of a 144, a special tool is required that engages in the feed and turns it without damage. Since the front sections (sections) are mechanically not compatible between Slip Cap black and Twist Cap Solitaire versions, a swap is only possible via nib + feed together, not via the entire front section. Without experience and matching tool, own attempts are advised against, since the plastic parts can quickly break or scratch.


Who bears the design and technical responsibility for the Visconti/Dörrbecker 'Quintessenz', and how is the writing instrument to be assessed?

The Quintessenz is a cooperation: design was largely co-determined by Axel Dörrbecker; in particular cap rings and cap top emblem come from him; the nibs were also chosen by him. The technology (especially the striking 2-chamber filling system) comes exclusively from Visconti (Dante). Collectors praise the Quintessenz as a hand-flatterer of beautiful celluloid with a particularly large ink supply — a plus for heavy writers. The writing instrument has proven itself in practice and is recommended further in collector circles.


Does ink have an expiry date, and can dried ink be refreshed?

On most ink bottles a best-before date is printed that is to be understood rather as a minimum-consumption date — the ink is generally still usable afterwards. With normal water-based ink, dried or thickened liquid can be refreshed with distilled water. Iron-gall ink behaves differently: the iron contained oxidises, which permanently impairs the chemical properties and so writing performance. Collectors observe that even very old ink bottles mostly remain usable over decades, provided they are stored tightly closed.


Can one without further ado switch from black to royal-blue Montblanc cartridges, and which water is suitable for cleaning?

Black and royal-blue Montblanc inks are of the same type and can be used one after the other without concern. A fundamental cleaning is on a nearly new pen that contained a black cartridge only briefly not strictly necessary; a simple flushing through suffices. Recommended is the use of a converter for comfortable flushing with water until it stays clear. For cleaning, normal tap water cold or lukewarm suffices — due to short contact time no limescale settles. Important is never to mix Blue-Black (a chemical ink) with other inks, since it thickens in the process.


What is the Montblanc Leonard Bernstein Edition worth, and how can authenticity be checked?

The Bernstein edition is no real Limited Edition — the quantity of writing instruments produced is not limited — which dampens the collector price. For value determination, the established valuation guide in the collector scene is referenced, providing among other things comparison with current eBay auctions. Authenticity indications: on the fountain pen there should be a small gold sticker with the inscription 'B Germany'; the ballpoint typically carries no visible inscription. The correct spelling 'Montblanc' (not 'MONTblanc') is an important authenticity criterion — deviating spellings are often found on counterfeits.


Which replacement refills fit a counterfeit Montblanc Starwalker rollerball?

On counterfeits original Montblanc refills usually do not fit, since the holder does not match the original dimensions. In the forum it is recommended to try various standard refills in a stationery shop to find a fitting alternative. Collectors point out that knowingly buying, selling and partly even possessing brand counterfeits can be legally problematic. As a long-term more sensible solution, replacing the fake with an original writing instrument is regarded; repair or nib work on counterfeits is not carried out by Montblanc.


Why is there no special packaging or accompanying material for the early Montblanc Artisan editions (True Princess, Magic Beauty, Hans Christian Andersen)?

Binding information can only be given by the respective product manager; the background lies, in collector judgement, in the original marketing strategy. The early-released 'Fairy Tale Collection' (Magic Beauty/True Princess, 1999) was distributed very discreetly and without public advertising, which is why special packaging and inserts were dispensed with. Only later Artisan editions received high-quality leather cases and companion booklets, which is interpreted as a reaction to the upmarket price level. With cufflinks and similar jewellery pieces, the Jungle Eyes collection is sometimes wrongly offered as True Princess on eBay, so verification via the boutique is sensible.


What value and history does an older Montblanc Carrera fountain pen from the 1970s have?

The Carrera is a school or use fountain pen produced in the 1970s in the lower price segment of Montblanc. Collectors estimate the market value in normal preservation state at about 30 euros or less, since the model is neither rare nor particularly coveted. Up to 1991 Montblanc made the entire spectrum from inexpensive school pens to Meisterstück; the brand's luxury reputation refers above all to later production. The Carrera is therefore primarily suitable as a use writing instrument and not as an investment.


How can the nib width of a Montblanc 146 be exchanged, and what costs apply?

Within the first 14 days of new purchase, the nib width is exchanged free of charge by Montblanc, provided the nib is not bent. Later exchanges run via the boutique or factory service against the usual repair flat fee, whose exact amount Montblanc only states after assessment. Some boutiques exchange the nib directly on site, which significantly speeds up the process. A precondition is generally that a matching desired nib is in stock.


Which fountain-pen model could an old piece with the inscription 'Iridium Tipped' be?

The inscription 'Iridium Tipped' alone does not allow brand attribution, since many makers used this notation. In the forum Ric Lei was first guessed at, a less known historical maker whose safety models occasionally appear at shows and on eBay. Attribution to Kaweco also came into consideration, since the company history produced similar models. For safe determination, inscriptions on barrel and nib, dimensions and the filling system should be checked and matched with image material from specialised sources.


Is the Montblanc boutique on Vienna's Graben actually closing or only relocating?

It is not a closure but a relocation within the same street. The old boutique at Graben 17 ceased sales on 24.02.2007, while at the end of April a new Montblanc Flagship Boutique opened at Graben 15. Economic background of such location changes are typically very high rents in this area. Repairs and intermediate trade are handled during the transition period via an intermediary on Kärntnerstraße.


Which versions and peculiarities does the Montblanc Alfred Hitchcock Limited Edition have?

The edition appears in two variants: a red version of white gold limited to 80 pieces with 25-layer red lacquer and a black-white edition limited to 3,000 pieces in silver with 8-layer lacquer, each as fountain pen and rollerball. Characteristic are a Vertigo effect on the cap, a clip designed as a knife and slightly liftable, 56 strokes for the 56 films on the black-white variant and a film-roll look and 80 dots for Hitchcock's 80 years of life on the red variant. Accompanying it, a separate red ink was announced to come on the market in parallel with the pen launch.


Which polish is suitable to polish a Montblanc Meisterstück 144 from the 1950s?

The Meisterstücks of the 1950s consist of celluloid, not acrylic, which is why agents like Displex must absolutely be avoided — they attack the surface and can outright decompose it. Wenol with its fine abrasive particles has proven itself; it delivers a smooth surface without aggressive dissolving and is available in automotive or specialist trade. Displex by contrast is well suited for modern Plexiglas writing instruments. With good preservation of the piece, only restrained polishing is recommended in principle.


Is it worthwhile for jewellers to take high-quality writing instruments into their assortment, or do they remain a domain of specialist trade?

The majority of collectors buy their high-quality writing instruments in classic stationery specialist trade or directly in the brand boutiques, since better advice competence and greater service relation exist there. For jewellers, especially from the mid-class segment, a supplementary assortment of premium pens can work, provided the staff is correspondingly trained. Brand boutiques count for makers like Montblanc as very lucrative, because there sale takes place without doubled trade margin and barely with discounts and service can be handled cheaply. A blanket evaluation as a goldmine is, however, not possible without balance-sheet insight.