Which rules apply to a Montblanc nib exchange, and what goodwill is to be expected without a sales receipt?

Montblanc exchanges an unsuitable nib free of charge, provided the original nib is mint and the writing instrument is sent in together with the warranty card within six weeks; in older practice the period was 14 days. Without a stamped service booklet, sales receipt or invoice, the purchase cannot be proven; credit-card statements are not accepted as proof of purchase. A nib exchange outside the period is charged via the regular repair flat fee. With watches, deviations are often justified by Montblanc with the nature of mechanical movements, which also includes a certain tolerance in the GTC; warranty performance must, however, be provided. Goodwill is voluntary and not an enforceable claim; preventively the proper keeping of all receipts and being known to the local boutique staff is recommended.


Is a quick clean by disassembly and rinsing under running water harmful for Pelikan piston pens?

Rinsing with cold water alone does not harm a piston pen; unscrewing the nib unit is unproblematic on the newer model. On old Pelikan models like 100 and 100N, the mechanism should only be sparingly disassembled, since the celluloid barrel thread tears easily; celluloid can be repaired but only by few specialists. Ammonia and alcohol must be kept away from the material and should not be used. Pigmented inks like Parker Penman are critical because they can bake the piston during long inactivity; before each writing pause of one to two weeks, cleaning is sensible. For care of the piston seal, a thin silicone film is recommended, but only a non-additionally-modified silicone.

General questions on writing instruments


Were Montblanc sub-brands like Adler Spezial actually made by Montblanc?

Montblanc-Simplo supplied unbranded fountain pens via the firm Excelsior to retailers who could provide them with their own lettering, e.g. Adler & Co. In the concrete case of the Adler Spezial examined, feed with lamellae, the front part of the rod and the thread of the mechanism speak against Montblanc production. Similar Waterman-style models were also made by Diplomat, Tatra and Stöffhaas, partly with double spindle; on Montblanc simple spindles dominate. A safe attribution is only possible by disassembly and inspection of the inner workings, possibly after a brief bath in distilled ultrasonic water with attention to the risk of oxidation. Not every sub-brand pen with a Montblanc nib is from Montblanc production.


Is red ink harmful for fountain pens, and which alternatives cause fewer deposits?

Pelikan 4001 Brilliant Red tends to leave unsightly deposits with a green sheen and can clog the feed so that the nib jams; in one case the ink damaged a Lamy pen so badly that it had to be discarded. In general, coloured inks, especially red, are more aggressive than royal blue. The recommendation is to use red ink only in inexpensive pens or in models without sight window like the Waterman Serenitè and to flush the pen every few weeks during heavy use. As alternative reds with better behaviour, Private Reserve Dakota Red, Private Reserve Orange Crush, Diamine Monaco Red and Bordeaux-coloured Montblanc ink and inks from Jansen are regarded.


Is cleaning a Montblanc fountain pen in an ultrasonic bath harmful, and how do you correctly clean more modern models?

An ultrasonic bath is unproblematic on modern writing instruments, provided the pen does not stay in the bath too long; on wood or celluloid devices it is to be advised against. Gentle routine cleaning succeeds through repeated filling with water until no ink residues come out. Water-soluble royal-blue inks dissolve again with water even after long drying; with coloured inks cleaning is more difficult and requires partly a complete disassembly and mechanical cleaning of the feed. The rumour that Montblanc ink contains particularly many and firm particles does not apply; it counts among easy-flowing inks. Care is required for all brands and price levels. Waterman inks have a musty smell but are flow-technically good but should, on Waterman nibs, occasionally cause corrosion at the grip-section end.


Which new Montblanc inks are introduced, and when do the permanent inks come on the market?

Montblanc announces two new permanent inks in blue and black, with minimalist white labels and the marking 'permanent'; the classic blue-black tone is preserved under the name Midnight Blue but no longer counts as a reference for permanent. In addition come two special inks, one for a high-priced edition on a 20th-century personality and one for the annual Writers Edition. The Permanent inks originally planned for April 2012 were postponed several times, most recently to 2013. In the meantime Meisterstück Diamond was introduced as an intense South Sea blue tone in a small bottle for about 13 euros, as well as a new cartridge packaging with 20 instead of 8 cartridges for around 7 euros. Seasonal inks appeared with winter-motif packaging in a red tone comparable to the Hitchcock Special Edition.


Was there a Montblanc Bohème Steel as a Mid-Size variant with fixed nib and blue stone?

The Bohème Steel never existed, according to catalogues of official collectors, as a Mid-Size with fixed nib; the Mid-Size format had a screw-out nib unit or converter without safety mechanism. Steel/Noir models always had a black onyx in the clip; models with blue stone belonged to the Bohème/Silver line with grain guilloché, not the smooth steel version. The Big-Size variant always had a retractable nib and was only available in black precious resin with platinum-plated fittings. Solitaire models were generally delivered in France with 18-carat nibs; a 14-carat nib in such a Solitaire is therefore conspicuous. Authenticity features like the word Pix under the clip ring speak for an original; presumably a tinkering from two Bohème devices or a non-official special model is at hand. An authenticity check in the boutique is recommended.


Can tarnished gold plating, e.g. on the clip of an MB 14, be cleaned again or re-plated?

Real gold practically does not tarnish, since extreme chemical conditions like aqua regia would be needed for that; hand sweat and everyday environment do not attack gold alloys. What appears as tarnish is mostly worn-off gold plating through which the darker carrier material like brass shines through. Polishing in this case removes still more of the thin gold-plating layer and should be avoided. For freshening up slightly tarnished gold alloys, silver-cleaning wool is suitable; gentler are care cloths for gold or pearls. Re-plating presents itself as a solution and should be done by a specialised firm.


Which models does the Montblanc catalogue 'Creations of Passion' cover in the new edition, and how are the Annual Editions structured?

The new edition of the catalogue adds the Patron of Art 2004, the Writers Edition 2004 (Franz Kafka) and the Annual Edition 2005; the cover features an Imperial Dragon 888. The Writers Edition 2004 on Franz Kafka alternates formally between round and square cross-section as an allusion to The Metamorphosis and shows a cockroach on the nib. The Annual Editions have been organised since 2003 in three series: Classical Mythology (2003 Leda and the Swan, 2004 Europa on the Bull, 2005 Venus and Cupid), Venetian Carnival (2003 Coviello, 2004 Colombine, 2005 Harlequin) and Mythical Creatures (2003 Blue Lion, 2004 Flying Dragon, 2005 Phoenix). The launch regularly takes place in September of the previous year. The catalogue can be ordered free of charge via the Montblanc website.


What can be done about skipping and starting problems on a new Meisterstück Mozart?

Frequent skipping is not normal and should lead to a complaint at the boutique; one's own everyday paper should be brought along, since writing behaviour on test paper deviates significantly. Inkjet paper is very smooth and can exacerbate problems; high-quality or simple college paper shows actual behaviour better. If even an exchange of the writing instrument brings no improvement, the nib width can be a factor; trying other nibs at the dealer is sensible. A crookedly seated nib is a clear defect and likewise complaint-worthy. Before concluding a production fault, it should also be checked whether the cartridge sits correctly and whether someone else can write with the pen without problems. For storage there are Montblanc cases from about 70 euros, often with integrated note pad and credit-card slots.


Which feed variants existed on the Montblanc Meisterstück 144 since the 1980s?

Since the relaunch of the Meisterstücks in the Classique size, i.e. model 144, various feeds have been used. Initially there were two variants with solid feeds. From the 1990s onwards, feeds with lamellae were additionally used, which enable greater pressure equalisation. With lower air pressure, e.g. on aircraft, fountain pens normally tend to drip. The lamellae of the feed can absorb the ink to a certain extent and so effectively prevent the pen from leaking. Overall at least three feed variants on the 144 are documented; further variants are not excluded.


What information can be found on three old fountain pens (Koh-I-Noor Astra No. 14, an '-R-' from France and a Lamy Ratio) regarding origin, age and value?

Since the forum primarily focuses on Montblanc, information on side brands here is sparse. Collectors report that most collectors specialise in a few main brands like Montblanc, Pelikan or Namiki, and brands like Koh-I-Noor, Lamy or French bakelite pens are therefore barely documented. The Lamy mentioned is likely a Lamy 27 from the 1950s. For more detailed information the Penexchange forum is referred to, which covers a broader brand spectrum.


Is online buying of Montblanc writing instruments from private sellers worthwhile, and what risks exist compared with the specialist trade?

Collectors hold different positions here. Some advise buying exclusively from professional dealers ('Buy the seller'), since private sellers often lack sufficient expertise. Others argue that even professional sellers do not necessarily have more know-how and that private sellers with a good rating history can quite well enable reputable bargains. An unfilled service guide is not regarded as evidence against authenticity, since many originals are sold without entry. Anyone wanting security in nib exchange and warranty performance fares better with the specialist trade.


Are matching nibs still available for the GDR fountain pen Markant M7720, and can a scratchy nib be repaired?

Spare parts for GDR fountain pens are barely available, since the writing instruments were largely disposed of and no spare-parts stock exists. The material collector value of these pieces is small, so a professional repair is rarely worthwhile in price terms. A scratchy nib can basically be readjusted by a nib straightener. As a contact point for Markant repairs, Schreibwaren Am Schloss in Dresden (Schloss-Str. 3-5) is recommended, whose owner is a former senior employee of Markant.


How can a counterfeit be recognised on a Montblanc Le Grand ballpoint, and are clicking sounds from the refill a warning sign?

Clicking sounds from the refill are also known on Meisterstück ballpoints in originals and are no reliable authenticity indicator. An upside-down engraving on the centre ring does not necessarily speak for a counterfeit, since even disassembled originals can be wrongly assembled on reassembly. Decisive for the assessment are shape, proportions and detail features on high-resolution photos. Final certainty is offered only by sending the pen to Montblanc in Hamburg, where an official authenticity check is carried out free of charge and answered with written information.


What is known about the Montblanc Writers Edition Collodi 2011, especially regarding availability and sales start?

At market launch, only the complete set including cufflinks and special ink was offered; the individual writing instruments followed only a week later. Montblanc had unlocked its own website (montblanc-collodi.com) on the edition with elaborate product animation. Collectors rate the appearance overall positively and recommend a boutique visit for direct inspection.


Is a Montblanc ballpoint for 30 euros a bargain or a counterfeit?

A Montblanc ballpoint for 30 euros is with certainty a counterfeit. Such models do not exist in the official range at all but are classic own creations of Chinese counterfeiters that are traded as tourist goods for one or two euros. As a rule of thumb: if a price is unrealistically low, it is not original goods.


Which practical alternatives are there for taking ink along while travelling, and are earlier travel ink containers still available today?

The Italian maker Visconti offers a Travelling Inkwell, which after a short familiarisation is safe to operate and proves itself especially in combination with ink pellets, since then only tap water is needed. As a more comfortable alternative, collectors recommend the Montblanc 147 Traveller or cartridge pens like the 145 Chopin, which manage without an ink bottle. Cartridge pens are the most practical solution for travel, while travel ink bottles remain interesting more for lovers of traditional filling.


Is the new midnight-blue Montblanc ink really the document-proof successor to the old blue-black ink?

The earlier blue-black document ink was, according to missing-pen.de, renamed Midnight Blue; on the packaging the note 'for documents' still appears. Alongside the ink names, the bottle and closure design and the maker have changed: the old inks came from Gutenberg in Bonn; the new ones are produced in Austria. The properties of the inks are described as similar. If the document-proof note is missing on the packaging, one should specifically ask in the specialist trade.


Is a pen with a Montblanc star on the nib and two cap rings really a Montblanc 320?

It is presumably a Montblanc 310 (ident no. 13110) from the period of about 1985 to 1988 with a gold-plated stainless-steel wing nib, offered only as a cartridge pen with piston converter. Usually, however, the 310 has a cap with only one ring, while a double-ring cap belongs to model 221 (13121); here a mix-up apparently exists. Up to the early 1990s Montblanc was not a pure luxury supplier but produced, similarly to Pelikan, from school to high-quality models. Instead of an original Montblanc converter, a Pelikan converter is recommended.


Does it harm Montblanc's reputation when the brand expands its range to jewellery and other lifestyle products?

Collectors evaluate the diversification predominantly positively, since Montblanc is long no longer a pure writing-instrument manufactory but a luxury brand. The writing-instrument industry hardly grows worldwide, which is why brand transfer to jewellery, leather goods and accessories financially secures the brand and opens up new target groups. Critically seen are above all cufflinks and tie pins, since Montblanc is no classic gentleman's outfitter like Dunhill. Brand transfers carry risks but also open opportunities, which is what entrepreneurial action is about.


How does the OMAS 360 write compared with classics like the Montblanc 149 or Pelikan M1000, and does the hand tire with a light pen?

The OMAS 360 stands out through its cotton-resin housing, which has different haptics from precious resin, and through a comparatively low weight. Collectors report differing experiences: heavy writers find too light pens tiring in the long term, while light writers manage with the 360 even over several A4 pages without problems. Current hard nibs require a certain writing pressure; otherwise the pen runs dry. The celluloid variant of the OMAS 360 has a particularly warm haptic but is, due to price (around 800 euros) and the flammability of the material, only conditionally recommendable.


Can the numbering of Montblanc pencils be systematically explained?

A consistent system behind the pencil numbers does not exist. Montblanc has used very different numbering schemes since about 1920. Only between roughly 1930 and 1960 can it be seen that the first digit indicated product-group affiliation (Meisterstück, 2nd series, 3rd series) and the second digit was a 7. After that, fundamentally different numbering systems were introduced.


What should be considered when buying a high-quality fountain pen like the Montblanc LeGrand or Pelikan M800, and how do you store it correctly?

In the boutique all nib widths should be available for trial, which is mostly possible with Montblanc Meisterstücks; with the Pelikan M800 the selection at dealers is often more limited. A newly purchased pen should be a previously unused example and not the much-handled showpiece. Montblanc and Pelikan nibs differ noticeably in writing feel and absolutely must be compared. Anyone who writes a lot on flights benefits from the piston-cartridge Traveller model (147). For storage a leather case is recommended; at home the desk or an acrylic stand suffices.


How do you correctly care for and store Writers Edition writing instruments, and does use diminish collector value?

Unused writing instruments are basically more valuable than used ones, since in everyday use small scratches inevitably appear; on rarities like the Lorenzo the value difference can amount to several thousand euros. Modern pens can be stored without problems after thorough cleaning and then need no further care. For external cleaning normal lint-free cotton cloths or eyeglass cleaning cloths (without anti-fog impregnation) suffice; special Montblanc cloths are not superior. Ballpoint refills are the only wear parts; their exchange hardly affects value.


How do you deal with counterfeits in eBay auctions, and how do reputable sellers behave on suspicion?

Counterfeits on eBay occur regularly, and not only with writing instruments but also with attaché cases and key fobs. It is worthwhile pointing out the suspicion to affected sellers, since many sellers themselves do not know they are selling counterfeits and in this case usually end the auction immediately. Buyers should check auction details carefully and consult in case of suspicion.


Which Montblanc model corresponds to a Safety with 16 cm length, 1.5 cm diameter and 14-carat nib with imprint MB 12?

It is presumably the 12 Safety, the largest Montblanc writing instrument ever built. The nominal barrel diameter is, however, 16 mm. Counterfeits of this model are not known, but adventurous repairs and restorations with body parts newly turned from old materials are. In top condition 12 Safeties are traded in the USA for several thousand dollars.


What is a well-preserved Pelikan 140 worth?

Collectors estimate for a very well-preserved Pelikan 140 about 20 to 30 euros. The exact price, however, depends strongly on the concrete condition and can only be roughly estimated from verbal descriptions. A blanket value statement is therefore of little use.


How do typical damages arise on the Montblanc 149 (crack in cap star, crookedly seated nib, gold abrasion), and since when do 149s carry serial numbers?

Cracks in the cap material typically arise from falls onto hard surfaces and are only repairable at cost (around 50 to 100 euros). A crookedly seated nib is no serious defect and can be straightened with a lint-free cloth and two fingers without ink flow suffering, provided the nib is not bent in itself. Gold abrasion on rings and clip frequently occurs on older writing instruments, e.g. through tight stowing with other pens. The photos show a feed and clip from about 15 to 20 years ago, so from a time when serial numbers had not yet been incorporated into the clip.


Which black fountain pen up to 75 euros is suitable as a reliable writing companion for Abitur exams?

Recommendable models in this price class are the Pelikan M200, the Cleo Scribent Chiffre 05 and the Aurora Style; Faber-Castell also offers suitable models. With cartridge pens (e.g. Waterman) it should be noted that mostly only cartridges of the respective maker fit. Piston pens can be filled with any common ink and hold significantly more ink than a standard cartridge. A new nib should be broken in before important exams, since getting used to it takes time. The Cleo Chiffre 05 is particularly praised for its slim, elegant shape and good writing behaviour.


Which Montblanc Special Editions were released in 2011 alongside the Limited Editions, and may press photos be shared in the forum?

The Special Editions 2011 include 'The Diva' Grace Kelly and the Donation Pen 'Alfred Hitchcock'. Advance photos from Montblanc may not be directly posted for copyright reasons; instead, an external source should be linked in order not to violate copyright.


Can a nib that sits crookedly on the feed of a Montblanc 149 be corrected oneself, or must it be exchanged?

The nib should be aligned centrally to the feed so that nib slit and capillary line up. An exchange is not necessary; the correction is done simply with two fingers (straightening the nib right and left), as would also happen in the boutique. Unlike on a Pelikan, where the nib is fastened via a metal ring and mostly has to be exchanged completely, the Montblanc nib seat cannot be unscrewed. If a laser marking on the clip is missing, the pen is presumably at least ten years old.


Which poets and writing instruments does the book 'Der Gänsekiel oder Womit schreiben?' cover?

The book 'Der Gänsekiel oder Womit schreiben?', subtitled 'Dichter und ihre Schreibgeräte', appeared as a companion volume to the exhibition at the Schiller-Nationalmuseum in 1994 and comprises around 90 pages in 13.5 by 21 cm format. Four writers with their preferred writing instruments are presented. Friedrich Schiller (1759–1805) wrote almost exclusively with the goose quill, although stylus and pencil were already available toward the end of the 18th century. Eduard Mörike (1804–1875) used both goose quill and frequently stylus and pencil. Hermann Hesse (1877–1962) wrote both by hand and on the typewriter; a piston pen Osmia Supra had proven itself for him, which he had repaired in the late 1930s and after return acknowledged by letter with the remark that the nib had become somewhat coarser, but he himself was no longer what he once was. Peter Härtling, born 1933, writes exclusively with typewriter and fountain pen, corrects with ink, rarely with pencil or ballpoint; already as an eleven-year-old he owned a Montblanc piston pen and remained loyal to the brand but today uses cartridge pens. Alongside, the volume covers paper, ink, sealing wax, writing furniture and travel accessories of the respective epoch and is richly illustrated. Bibliographically the work belongs as 'Vom Schreiben 2' to the Marbacher Magazin 69 of 1994, edited by Sabine Fischer.


Is a guilloché Graf von Faber-Castell a good choice as a gift fountain pen, and which ink should be used?

The Graf von Faber-Castell line counts as a high-quality choice with top quality and a solid image. Since the models have a Bock feed designed for German ink manufactories, any ink from German makers can be used; as writing colour washable royal blue is recommended. As alternatives further exclusive brands like OMAS (Paragon, celluloid models) come into consideration, convincing through light natural materials and elegant finish. When trial-writing in the shop it is recommended to bring one's own paper, since the shop paper is often very smooth and distorts writing behaviour.


How do you recognise on eBay listings whether a Montblanc rollerball (Stainless Steel or Platinum rollerball, model 163) is genuine?

From the photos the Stainless Steel and Platinum rollerballs of the Classic size (model 163) mentioned can be identified as originals. An important authenticity feature: all Montblanc rollerball refills have a screw thread; if refills without thread are supplied, this is a clear warning sign. With sellers with few ratings caution is warranted, and an escrow service should be clarified beforehand. Detail photos and critical enquiries help to reduce risks.


How does the Montblanc cleaning cartridge for cartridge pens (e.g. Bohème) work, and is it normal that after cleaning ink is drawn into the cartridge?

The cleaning cartridge is, according to the instructions, used about every three months and is suitable for all Montblanc cartridge pens except the Meisterstück Traveller. After pumping, on release a suction arises that draws some ink from the nib unit into the cartridge; that is normal, since the cleaning fluid first has to soften and dissolve the old ink. With heavily dried ink, multiple flushing with water can additionally be necessary. The first generation of cleaning cartridges was meanwhile withdrawn from sale, since the mixture of the cleaning fluid had to be revised.


Which piston pen with screw cap up to a mid price range is recommended for professional everyday use?

Genuine piston mechanisms are primarily offered by Montblanc, LAMY, Pelikan, Aurora and OMAS. Recommendable models are the LAMY 2000 (although without screw cap), the Aurora 88 or Aurora Optima (with reserve-tank function and screw cap), Pelikan Souverän models and Faber-Castell pens. With hybrids like the Cleo Chiffre 05 or smaller Fabers it should be noted that they sometimes only work with a converter. EF nibs tend, depending on the model (e.g. LAMY 2000), to skip. Anyone naming a screw cap as an exclusion criterion rules out the LAMY 2000 and should focus on Aurora or Pelikan.


How is the new Writers Edition Kafka to be assessed in terms of looks and writing behaviour, and how does delivery to dealers proceed?

The Kafka convinces with its discreetly translucent black-red of great depth and the interplay with cool silver fittings, as well as the unusual shape that runs from round to angular. Ballpoint and pencil are slightly tail-heavy; on the fountain pen the classic piston mechanism is missing (cartridge pen), but the ventilation problem is solved. Delivery is staggered annually: first the flagship stores, then the boutiques and finally the retailers, which on highly demanded editions can mean wait times of several months. Retailers who invest a lot in Montblanc are preferred in delivery.


Which model is an acquired Duke pen, which cartridges fit, and how do you correctly maintain it?

Duke is a Chinese maker (website: dukepen.com); the model described is the 929 Fountain Pen with 22-carat gold tip. Maintenance is limited to occasional flushing with lukewarm water, which is fully sufficient on normal pens. The converter is simply slid into the pen and filled by dipping the nib into the ink bottle. Nibs practically never need to be changed, since steel and gold nibs outlast generations; the iridium tip on gold-nib tips is virtually wear-free. Duke counts qualitatively as a low-budget brand, clearly below Pelikan or LAMY.


What speaks for the Montblanc 149 and what for the Pelikan Souverän M1000 when buying a large premium fountain pen?

Objective arguments for or against either of the two models are scarce; the decision is ultimately a matter of taste. The Pelikan M1000 has a noticeably softer nib; Pelikan nibs are occasionally felt as scratchy but are exchangeable without problems. With the current 149 there are isolated reports of starting problems that can mostly be remedied through thorough cleaning (ultrasonic bath); a nib exchange at the maker is possible. Between the 146 and 149 there is hardly any difference in nib quality or starting behaviour. Vintage 149s from the 1950s are preferred over current models. Tightness problems, e.g. when flying, do not, in experience, occur on the 149.


Is it permissible for online shops to sell Montblanc writing instruments with price information?

Selling Montblanc writing instruments via online shops is basically permitted, but publishing prices is not allowed for dealers. Montblanc can take legal action against individual shops with price information, but in practice enforcement is limited; some suppliers adjust their price information after a short time or are removed from the list of authorised dealers. A direct hint to Montblanc sometimes leads to reactions but often only with limited effect.


Why is the ink-level sight window on the Montblanc 149 and 146 often hard to read, and can it discolour?

On intact newer 149 and 146 models the ink window is basically well readable. Clouding can arise through long-term ink exposure; after flushing the window appears clear at first, but on refilling with ink the clouding becomes visible again. Certain inks (e.g. heavily pigmented) can contribute to deposits, which is why thorough cleaning is recommended. Anyone who does not need exact ink level can live with an approximate display; for precise readability holding against a light source helps.


How do you correctly clean and reactivate a stuck Montblanc 149 from the 1950s with dried ink?

First it should be cautiously tried to turn the cone; if this does not work, professional repair is advisable (e.g. via Maxpens.de or the repair section on fountainpen.de). Important is to turn only at the cone, not push or pull. If the piston can be moved, the pen can be filled with distilled water; on rare 1950s models caution is warranted, since celluloid softens with prolonged water contact (max. two to three days soaking). The cork mostly has to be renewed; occasionally, however, it swells back. For polishing Wenol is suitable; dried ink in the sight window can often be dissolved with patience and ultrasonic.


Which Montblanc Limited Editions were presented in 2014, and which writing instruments does the 90 Years collection comprise?

The 2014 editions include the Writers Edition Daniel Defoe, the Patron of Arts Steinway, Great Characters John F. Kennedy and the Meisterstück 90 Years Collection. The latter comprises the models 149, 146 and 161, each with rose-gold-plated clips and rings and a special nib, supplemented by a 90 Years variant with special guilloché. Particularly highlighted are the Skeleton models of the 90 Years Collection, which regularly count as design highlights.


How do you open and disassemble a Montblanc 142 from the 1950s, since it has no knurled screw for opening?

For disassembly special tools are needed (e.g. via penboard.de, item number 09736); a suitable block can also be made oneself. To loosen the piston mechanism the grip section must first be unscrewed; since grip section and barrel are glued with shellac, the pen must be heated with a heat gun at about 120 degrees until the adhesive softens. Care must be taken not to overheat the celluloid, since otherwise it becomes soft and can be destroyed. The cork must subsequently be replaced. On maxpens.de a photo of a fully disassembled Meisterstück can be found as a reference.


Does a complete inventory list of all Montblanc writing instruments ever made (not limited) exist, including nib material?

A comprehensive listing of all Montblanc models including nib variants can be found in the two books by Jens Rösler: 'Montblanc Diary and Collectors Guide' and 'Collectible Stars'. These standard works are partly antiquarianly expensive (several hundred euros for the Diary, under 100 euros for Collectible Stars) but are regarded as compulsory reading for serious collectors and, through their detail accuracy, often save costly mispurchases. Own overviews from existing literature and websites like fountainpen.de remain fragmentary and quickly hit limits.


Where can Élysée writing instruments of the Vernissage series (ballpoints and pencils) still be obtained?

Élysée pencils and ballpoints of this series are only sporadically available. Scription temporarily carried a fountain pen Edition 1 and a ballpoint Edition 2 (mint condition); pencils and rollerballs were originally not offered in this line, but contrary to earlier information complete 4-piece sets of the No. 1 edition do exist. Further research via Penhero.com brings picture material but no sources; pieces occasionally turn up at online auctions.


How do you clean and use a Montblanc Meisterstück 144, and is carrying it with a filled converter unproblematic?

For cleaning the pen is unscrewed at the grip section and the converter flushed several times with lukewarm water until the water stays clear; the nib must not be unscrewed. Cartridges do not need to be pierced but are simply inserted and connected through slight pressure. An intact pen can be carried in a leather case without problems with a filled converter, even temporarily nib-down; ideally, however, the nib is carried up, which is why the clip is sensible. On aircraft the nib should always point up to avoid leakage. A resource with animations on filling types can be found on the Visconti website.


What do the different edition numbers on fountain pen, ballpoint and pencil of a Montblanc Writers Edition like the Jules Verne set mean?

The first number before the slash is the individual limitation number; the second the respective total edition of the individual writing instrument. On the Jules Verne, 16,800 fountain pens, 14,800 ballpoints and only 4,500 pencils were produced; the latter were offered exclusively in the set. The first 4,500 writing instruments of each variant were reserved for the sets; an individual number lower than 4,500 indicates that the piece comes from a set. When buying a set, identical limitation numbers on all writing instruments are to be ensured.


Which brands and makers are involved in a safety pen with 'Mercedes New York' nib and a silver four-colour pencil with DRGM stamping?

The safety pen is with high probability a Mercedes (brand founded 1920); the characteristic script-style nib engraving, the notched feed and the somewhat larger cap-top diameter are typical features. Mercedes at first obtained its nibs from the USA, since nib production in Germany was initially mastered only by Kaweco (from 1913) and Soennecken. The four-colour pencil could be an early Fendt of Pforzheim, since Fendt developed and early patented the slide mechanism for multi-colour pencils; Montblanc also had multi-colour pencils made at Fendt up into the 1970s. The imprint 'Schloss F. Kahleis, Cöthen' could indicate a specialist dealer.


What do the engravings 'S-S' and 'P' on the nib of a Montblanc 136 from wartime mean, and how is the material to be classified?

The 'P' stands for palladium, which during wartime was temporarily used for nibs due to strict gold-trade restrictions. Palladium belongs to the platinum group but is an independent metal; at that time it was more frequent than gold and not subject to coinage. The nibs were partly made solid from palladium, partly only palladium-plated; the source situation on this is inconsistent. The meaning of 'S-S' is not conclusively clarified; one suspicion is the abbreviation for 'Stöffhaas-Spezialgeschäft'. Since shortenings of the barrel were usually marked with 'K', a 136 deviating in length could have been subsequently shortened or the mechanism exchanged. The bicolour nib was developed in the early 1930s by Montblanc and Kaweco jointly to save gold.


How do you identify and repair an old Montblanc Meisterstück Safety pen (model 20) with a chipped hard-rubber cap?

The piece in question is a Meisterstück Safety pen model 20 of hard rubber, one of the most common early models. The cap is by design the most vulnerable component; turning a new cap lip from old material is laborious and economically hardly worthwhile, since the collector value of a complete model 20 is not exceptionally high. On Safety pens, after filling, the nib is retracted before the cap is screwed on so that no ink emerges. The sealing surface lies at 45 degrees on barrel mouth and cap top; if both are undamaged and the cap is firmly screwed on, the pen is tight. For cleaning an ultrasonic bath is suitable. The cap edge can alternatively be turned in silver if hard rubber is hard to obtain.


How is an Osmia Safety with '18 KTS' stamping and striking overlay to be classified, and how is Osmia rated as a historical maker?

The overlay of the Safety described looks typically Italian and resembles those found on many Italian Safeties of various brands (also Waterman and Montblanc). Osmia, strengthened from the 1930s onward by licence production of Parker models, was later taken over by Faber-Castell and withdrawn from the market in the late 1950s. In the early years Osmia did make high-quality writing instruments, e.g. the celluloid pens with cap top in cloisonné enamel, which counted among the European top class. Sarastro, by contrast, produced exclusively top goods. A clear attribution of the specific Safety would only be possible by inspecting the base model under the overlay.


Is it permissible for boutiques to sell individual mechanical pencils from Writers Edition sets (Schiller, Wilde), although the pencil is officially only offered in the set?

On the Oscar Wilde, pencils with edition numbers between 5,001 and 12,000 were also sold individually, as Montblanc intended; the first 5,000 belonged to the set. With other sets like Schiller or Kafka, individual pieces mostly arise because collectors take only parts (pen and ballpoint, or conversely pencil) and the set is broken up by the dealer. From a pure collector perspective, breaking up sets is unfortunate, since the consecutive edition numbers of the set ware should remain together; from a user's view it is, however, often the only way to get individual pencils.


How is a Montblanc Pix-o-mat 935 (4-colour ballpoint) to be dated, which refills fit, and may the writing instrument be disassembled?

The Pix-o-mat 935 dates from the late 1960s and was made by Fendt for Montblanc. It uses standard D1 refills available at any stationery shop (LAMY, Schneider, Schmidt); Montblanc obtains its D1 refills from Schmidt but offers no green or red variants and charges roughly twice the price. The refill change is done exclusively by pulling out and inserting through the front opening; the writing instrument itself must on no account be opened, since reassembly will then no longer succeed. A binding price list for such vintage pieces does not exist; eBay auctions provide rough indications of current market values.


Which features and dimensions characterise the Greta Garbo Special Edition as the first ladies' fountain pen of this line?

The Greta Garbo edition is conceived as an unlimited Special Edition and, like the Donation series (Bernstein, Menuhin, Karajan), is made until a successor appears. The range comprises fountain pens (600 euros) and ballpoints (380 euros) in typical ladies' format. The fountain pen is fillable only with cartridge, not with converter, and is somewhat smaller than a 144 but significantly larger than the Mozart; the proportions and balance are specially optimised for women's hands. An additional third variant limited to 100 examples exists.


Where can replacement nibs for a Montblanc Meisterstück 146 be obtained, and how laborious is a nib swap from M to OB?

Original nibs as spare parts are only available via Montblanc itself; used nibs can practically only be found via eBay, e.g. by acquiring a further 146 donor piece. The nib swap is possible on the Meisterstück; the weak point, however, are the lamellae which can easily be bent when handled; therefore extreme caution is warranted. The procedure does not differ significantly between Montblanc, Montegrappa or Faber-Castell. Anyone with little experience should first practise the procedure on cheaper pens or commission an expert.


What is known about the maker RIC LEI (Richter Leipzig) and its Safety pens?

RIC LEI stands for the Richter brothers from Leipzig, whose writing-instrument manufactory collectors rate as qualitatively above average. The brand, however, sold significantly below the prices of the competition, which proved economically unsustainable in the long term; a strong marketing department and sufficient capital were missing. The company disappeared, by collectors' knowledge, before or during World War II from the market. Octagonal Safeties without company logo corresponding to the construction of the RIC LEI pieces are also known.


How do you fill a Haro II lever pen with glass nib, and where do you get replacement ink sacs for historical lever pens?

The Haro II is presumably a classic lever filler with internal rubber sac. To fill, the nib is dipped in the ink bottle, the side lever operated (compresses the ink sac) and then returned to the starting position; through the resulting vacuum the sac sucks up the ink. Replacement ink sacs are rare in Germany but still available in the USA from a specialised firm; an assortment with about 15 sacs in various sizes costs about 33 euros.


Is the 'light test' (red transparency when held against a light source) a reliable authenticity test for Montblanc writing instruments?

The precious resin of Montblanc Meisterstücks shows under direct light a characteristic red transparency, similar to looking through a glass of red wine; this effect counts as a usable authenticity indicator. It is, however, only reliable on Meisterstücks, Starwalker and Bohème, since Generation and Noblesse are made of other material. The light test is not the only authenticity feature but should always be used in combination with further checks (form, proportions, engravings, mechanism).


Are sufficient precautions to avoid acquiring a counterfeit when buying a Montblanc 145 P online, and does Montblanc check purchased writing instruments for authenticity?

For a reputable purchase decision a dealer with high rating count and almost consistently positive ratings, a direct comparison with a verifiably genuine model and typical authenticity features like correct engravings and proportions speak. Discounts of twelve to sixteen per cent are usual on online purchase, but the manufacturer warranty and free nib exchange fall away; the two-year statutory liability for defects continues unchanged. An MB boutique is primarily a sales outlet and not an official testing point; only Montblanc itself (Hamburg) can carry out an authenticity assessment bindingly. Despite unclear roles of individual actors, it is in Montblanc's interest to take action against product piracy in online trade.


Is Penboard.de a trustworthy source for an old Montblanc No. 22, and what ink does this piston pen tolerate?

Penboard.de counts among collectors as a reliable platform, since the dealers represented there are recognised in the collector scene and the writing instruments are delivered in flawless condition. With the Montblanc No. 22 no special caution about ink is needed, since the barrel is made of plastic and cannot discolour; conventional black or blue inks are unproblematic. The 22 was produced from 1960 over about a decade and a half in many variants (colours black, red, green, grey; as piston pen and as cartridge version 22P). For a comprehensive model overview the book 'Collectible Stars' by Stefan Wallrafen is recommended. The model's soft, pleasantly writing nib is appreciated.


How do you recognise the authenticity of a Montblanc Starwalker Rubber ballpoint, and what does the position of the serial number say about the model year?

On the Starwalker Rubber two variants of serial-number placement exist: on older models the number is on the clip at the height of the clip ring; on newer ones directly on the clip ring. Both variants are original-typical and no counterfeit indicator. A discrepancy between the serial number on the pen and in the Service Guide is mostly due to an accidental enclosure of the wrong guide by the seller and should be enquired with the seller. A systematic attribution of the serial number (e.g. starting with XD) to a concrete production year is not known; only Montblanc customer service can give information.


Which material and design features characterise the Montblanc Patron of Art Edition 2007 'Alexander von Humboldt', and is it suitable for daily use?

The edition consists of turned grenadilla, a nearly black South American precious hardwood also used in instrument-making (e.g. saxophone mouthpieces); clip, blind cap, cap top and fittings are of 925 sterling silver, in the 4810 variant with wood inlays, in the 888 variant with onyx. The bicolour nib with the sextant motif is described as particularly successful in design; the pen lies massively and heavily in the hand due to wood and silver and writes softly with the M nib. Grenadilla, like ebony, is heavier than water but, due to higher oil content, more pliable and so less prone to cracks, so normal use should generally not harm the material. On the wood's light sensitivity no firm statements exist; slight patina marks on silver through skin contact, by contrast, are usual.


Do Montblanc pen stands fit across models, or does each model need its own stand?

Every Montblanc fountain pen needs a matching stand, since the stand receptacles correspond to the cap dimensions; a 144 stand thus fits only the 144, a 146 stand only the 146 and so on. Even within the same model number, old and newer versions cannot be exchanged, because dimensions have changed over the years (old and new 146 stands are not compatible). The stands usually work on the slip principle, regardless of the model. For safe selection it is recommended to take one's own pen to a specialist dealer and check on site.


How can one act on eBay against sellers who repeatedly offer Montblanc counterfeits, and how do you recognise typical plagiarisms?

eBay reacts to reports from private collectors hardly effectively, which is why it is more sensible to inform the maker (Montblanc) directly, who as trademark holder can take legal action. A collegial direct approach to seller or bidder is also used but rarely leads to reactions. Typical plagiarism features on the Meisterstück 145 are a swapped nib coating ('yellow gold' inside, 'platinum' outside instead of vice versa), slip caps instead of the original screw threads and inconsistent cases and nib engravings ('Iridium Point Germany/Paris'). An 'iridium nib' on the 145 is also a clear counterfeit indicator, since originals have gold nibs.


How is the value-for-money ratio of high-priced Montblanc leather goods like the Meisterstück Zipped Leather Case to be assessed?

Collectors rate many leather products and accessories from Montblanc as significantly overpriced; the range serves recognisably brand positioning as a lifestyle brand and not primarily functionality. As a cheaper alternative within the maker's own range the Sienna cases are mentioned. With some special editions like the Artisan line, matching crocodile pen cases are included, which are partly traded individually but whose rarity is hard to assess, since identical cases were used on several editions (e.g. Gift Collection, Jungle Eyes). In general the collector advice applies: scrutinise new editions critically and possibly prefer the second-hand market.


Which features characterise the Montblanc Limited Editions 2012 (Writers Edition Jonathan Swift, Donation Pen Brahms, Patron of Art Joseph II), and what is to be considered in the material change of the 888 edition?

The Patron of Art Edition 2012 is dedicated to Emperor Joseph II with king motif; striking is that the 888 variant for the first time is no longer made of solid gold but only of 925 sterling silver with white-blue translucent lacquer, which, given the previous prices (around 7,500 euros), is criticised as significantly overpriced. Among the special editions presented the Einstein stands out with silver, formula-engraved barrel, black 'striped cap' and a planet clip end; the Picasso has a brushed gold-plated barrel with red strokes and a cap window in the form of a Picasso artwork. Alongside, a Statue of Liberty Artisan Edition is also being announced. The growing number of parallel limited editions in general is seen critically.


Where can Chinese fountain pens, e.g. by Hero, be obtained in Germany, and how is their quality to be assessed?

Hero is a Chinese maker whose quality level is in the lower to mid market segment; the models, however, range from simple school pens to quite elaborate designs. A closed overview of all Chinese writing-instrument makers does not exist, since many makers deliberately do not appear publicly. At the Frankfurt Paperworld numerous Chinese suppliers with partly high-quality-looking pens are regularly represented; in Germany the models are by contrast hard to obtain and are mostly sourced via Asian online dealers. Especially the Hero 'replica' of the Parker 51 is regarded as a legitimate collector's object.


Is buying a Montblanc Generation ballpoint via eBay worthwhile, and how does the price classify compared with RRP and boutique price?

The Generation is no longer in production and barely available in trade; the RRP for Meisterstück Classique ballpoints is around 290 euros in specialist trade, while e.g. Galeria Kaufhof offered Generation models at times for 99 euros. eBay prices around 139 euros count in this context as too high, especially as for the money one can already get a used Meisterstück ballpoint. eBay prices are usually below shop price; the warranty and nib exchange service fall away, however, and a counterfeit risk exists. Warranty handling runs in case of doubt via the specialist dealer, who needs the receipt for that, not necessarily a service booklet.


Is a nib swap on a Montblanc Meisterstück 142G from the 1950s worthwhile, and what about authenticity probability?

Of the 142 from the 1950s no counterfeits are known, so on an heirloom or flea-market find an original is to be assumed. Replacement nibs are no longer kept by Montblanc for such old models; a matching nib change works only with an original 142 nib, alternatively a (more expensive) 132 nib. The change requires warming the barrel, unscrewing the grip section and pulling out feed and nib; from this beginners are urgently advised against, however, since the repair can damage the value of the writing instrument. Recommended are collectors' regulars' tables, specialist workshops or careful adjusting of the existing nib slit. The flat feed marks an early model variant with often more saturated ink flow but slightly increased leak risk.


Which fountain pens were on view in the small exhibition at the Dortmund Museum for Natural History?

From 26 April 2005 to the end of May 2005, part of a private fountain-pen collection was exhibited in the information area of the Dortmund Museum for Natural History, Münsterstrasse 271 in 44145 Dortmund near the Klinikum Nord. Opening times were Tuesday to Sunday from 10 to 17:00; admission prices were between 75 cents and 3 euros; on Saturdays admission was free on Family Day. On an exhibition area of around 1.80 by 0.70 metres, 36 fountain pens with nearly all filling systems were presented, including transferable, Safety, push, lever, piston and cartridge pens; six fountain pens were exhibited disassembled in order to illustrate the filling technique. Well-known German brands like Geha, Montblanc, Lamy and Pelikan were deliberately omitted in order to give more attention to less known makers like Pichler & Mueller, Moewe, Santis, Transparit, Heiko, Rigoletto or Corrector. The presentation was supplemented by fountain-pen boxes, dip pens with nibs and small ink bottles. In parallel Ursula Stolte showed parts of her collections in encaustic painting and Günter Graban with minerals and gemstones.


Which maker is behind an old gold nib with ibex emblem above three mountain peaks and the imprint 'IRIDIUM'?

The emblem with the ibex before three mountain peaks belongs to the nib maker Peter Bock of Heidelberg, who exclusively produced nibs and not complete pens; from the nib alone the pen's maker can therefore not be deduced. Such Bock nibs were used in numerous standard pens of various brands and are found in steel as well as gold versions. They count as robust and good writers but do not reach the writing properties of high-quality gold nibs. The initially suspected DISCUS of Bonn is also a historical maker (aluminium body, before WWII), but the ibex nib itself is not originally linked with DISCUS.


Can the nib of a Montblanc Meisterstück be exchanged oneself, what does the service cost, and are there quality differences between individual nibs?

A nib swap is unproblematic at Montblanc and is carried out by the maker via the specialist dealer; on new pens (e.g. within four weeks of purchase) it is done free of charge; afterwards it costs around 50 euros. Buying a single replacement nib is rarely worthwhile, since it is partly more expensive than a used complete pen. Since Montblanc nibs are handcrafted, individual examples can vary slightly in writing behaviour; significant differences only emerge through longer use and breaking in. When buying second-hand, especially via eBay, watch for counterfeits; stolen pens can be retained on repair. The matching nib width is best determined in a boutique through trial writing of all widths.


Is a green 'Copernicus' with mother-of-pearl star and unusual nib a real Montblanc edition or a fantasy product?

The Copernicus exists exclusively with mother-of-pearl star and not in green; the writing instrument in question is therefore clearly a fantasy product or counterfeit. The nib too is recognisably poorly imitated; the star is missing and the engraving does not surround the entire nib face. Suspicious eBay listings can be reported via the help form ('Counterfeits and copyright violations' > 'Trademark violation' > 'Counterfeit clothing, sunglasses and accessories'). More effective is direct reporting to Montblanc, since only the registered trademark holder can take legal action against the seller and have eBay remove the listing.


What characterises the Montblanc Limited Edition 'Soulmakers for 100 Years' Solitaire Granite 1906, and how is availability at specialist trade regulated?

The edition appears in an edition of 1,906 pieces each and consists of sterling silver with a cap of real Mont Blanc granite, crowned by a specially designed, 43-facet-cut Montblanc diamond in an acrylic dome in star form. Alongside, a cheaper Special Anniversary Edition of the Starwalker with a smaller diamond in acrylic dome is offered. Montblanc Germany has, for 'fairness reasons', decided to allocate each dealer only three examples of the 1906 writing instruments, regardless of pre-orders, which strongly limits the reservation situation. Collectors highlight especially the symbiosis of white metal, fine stone and the diamond as successful; the nib design is partly seen critically.


How should one react if a historical Montblanc 324 from the 1930s has been lost during a repair by Montblanc, and how can the value be realistically estimated?

In value determination one must distinguish between asking prices and actually achieved sales prices; real sales prices of a 324 with gold nib often lie around 90 euros, for coloured or rare variants higher. The assumption that an 18C gold nib alone is worth 150 euros is unrealistic; the material value lies clearly below. As orientation, the guide on value determination written by the collector Axel ('penparadise') is recommended, which most collectors in the forum follow. The collector should negotiate soberly with Montblanc and not make excessive demands but justify the realistic market value with comparable concluded auctions.


How can an inherited Montblanc ballpoint be identified as a Limited Anniversary Edition 75 (164 Classique) or as Royal Steel?

The Limited Anniversary Edition for the 75th anniversary is recognisable by clip and cap ring of red gold and an individual numbering 'xy/75' on the barrel; all anniversary writing instruments of metal also have a grain or thread guilloché. A smooth, non-guilloché metal surface excludes an Anniversary Edition and points rather to the Royal Steel model. This has 36 brilliants on the cap ring and 19 on the clip ring (model number M10264). A clear identification requires a high-resolution sharp photo; for detailed model comparisons the model overview on fountainpen.de is recommended.


What is the meaning of the quantities 4810 and 888 on the Montblanc Patron of Art editions, and what consequences arise for price and material choice?

The number 4810 refers to the height of Mont Blanc in metres and is interpreted as a homage to highest aspirations; the 888 variant stands as a triple eight in Asian symbolism for highest happiness and marks the more exclusive edition. 888 models are often of solid precious metal, additionally provided with gemstones or special decoration and correspondingly more expensive. Each Patron of Art edition also has its own nib engraving, by which the model can be identified. Limitations arise both quantitatively (number) and temporally through production limits and meet collectors' wish for 'something special'; as sole purchase motivation, however, limitation does not count.


What do the historical Pelikan advertising or seal stamps from 1984 have to do with brand advertising?

Pelikan published in 1984, as a return to old values, a small booklet in 13.5 by 23.5 cm format with historical advertising stamps whose originals appeared around the turn of the 19th to 20th century. The booklet contains three sheets with twelve different seal stamps each in styles like Art Nouveau, Expressionism, Futurism and Art Deco; some are poster designs by graphic artists and painters of the time. Advertising stamps, occasionally also called seal stamps, had their heyday between the early 1890s and 1914 and were printed in millions in Germany. They were artistically designed pictorial marks given to customers for advertising purposes, usually in product reference; original advertising strategists expected the stamps to be glued onto letters and envelopes, contributing to brand spread. Already at their heyday they were a popular collecting object; after WWI cigarette cards largely displaced advertising stamps.


Is an old Montblanc cartridge pen labelled 'Generation' a real Generation, and which predecessor comes into consideration?

The Generation exists exclusively as a cartridge or converter pen; a piston pen of this line does not exist. If a supposed Generation is offered as a piston pen, it is usually the predecessor 'Classic' (not to be confused with the Meisterstück Classique) with the MB number 13xxx, produced from 1978 to the late 1980s. A typical weak point of these models are fine hairline cracks on the grip section at the cut ends where the nib ends; these cracks are often only visible under load. For comparison, sharp photos and matching with the model images on fountainpen.de help.


How should one as a buyer react when one has accidentally won a Montblanc counterfeit at eBay, and how can one act against the corresponding sellers?

Counterfeit indications like a 'dark blue' Meisterstück ballpoint should lead to immediate contact with the seller with a request to have authenticity checked or to refund the purchase price; on delivery of a counterfeit, legal steps are advisable. A complaint directly to eBay brings, in experience, little, since the platform appeals to its mediator role and takes no responsibility for foreign goods. More effective is a polite letter to the seller as 'help' and reporting to the trademark holder Montblanc. Disguise spellings like 'Mont Blanc' instead of 'Montblanc' or warranty exclusively on an 'original refill' are widespread deception tricks, and empty packagings are also auctioned as supposedly filled writing instruments.


How do you distinguish the Pelikan models M200 and M250, and do their nibs also fit larger models like the M400?

M200 and M250 are identical in housing and differ only in the nib; both consist of the 'cheaper' plastic with weakly gilded applications, while from the M300/M400 higher-quality materials are used. Theoretically the 250 and 400 carry the same feed; in practice over the decades, however, different feeds were fitted. When transferring a 250 nib into a 400 housing only the nib without the old feed should therefore be taken over, since the old screw-thread feeds, despite similar construction, do not reliably hold in newer housings. Transferring into 200 or 250 housings is also possible by the same rule; in doubt an experienced specialist helps.


How can a Montblanc DBS-Pix mechanical pencil be matched to a 144 fountain pen, and which variant designations ('K', 'L') are to be considered?

Matching the 144 is typically a Meisterstück pencil of the 172 line; the designation '172K' refers to the shorter variant (about 12 cm), produced approximately 1950 to 1958; alongside there were the longer variant 'L' and the standard model without length suffix. Not all Pix pencils are numbered; unmarked examples are, according to the book 'Collectible Stars', attributable to ID 1134 (page 36/37). A 144 fountain pen from 1959/60 with the cap top designed by Albrecht Graf Goertz counts among the rare so-called transitional models, produced for less than a year. Such transitional models count as collector rarities.


Are Montblanc specialist dealers systematically disadvantaged compared with the boutiques, and what effects does this have on the collector scene?

Boutiques actually receive new writing instruments and information earlier than the free specialist trade, which sometimes leads to models like the Scenium being already sold in boutiques while specialist dealers are not yet informed. The background is the strategic reorientation of Montblanc/Vendome-Richemont as a lifestyle brand; the largest turnover is meanwhile generated with leather goods, cufflinks, sunglasses and accessories — areas that a classic writing-instrument dealer can hardly serve. From a purely economic view, the favouring of the boutiques is logical but unsatisfying for brand-loyal customers in rural regions. Brand expansion does increase visibility (Douglas, department stores) but carries the risk of diluting the brand core 'writing'. Boutiques sometimes coin small customer gifts (leather cases, cufflink storage) as exclusive bonding tools.


How uncomplicated is the handling of a Montblanc piston pen compared with a cartridge pen, and what ink consumption and nib feel can be expected on the 146?

Piston pens or converter systems are unproblematic in practice: ink stains on the grip can be wiped off with a cloth, and cleaning is even easier than on pure cartridge pens, since water can be drawn directly. The ink consumption of the 146 depends strongly on nib width and paper; one filling can last several days; on a wet nib or absorbent paper also only a few hours. Montblanc nibs are perceived as softer than the comparatively rigid nibs of Faber-Castell or Aurora, which increases writing comfort with heavy writing. On the 146 the Solitaire Stainless Steel is named as a high-quality choice.


What is known about the design of the Montblanc Writers Edition 2011 'Carlo Collodi' (Pinocchio), and which further editions are announcing themselves?

The Collodi edition takes up the Pinocchio motif via an extendable clip symbolising the 'long nose'. Collectors rate the design predominantly as unbalanced: the cap looks inconsistent; the 'nose' idea seems forced and unsuccessful; and the overall impression appeals rather to a female target group. Alongside, a fully white Meisterstück fountain pen/rollerball, a Donation Pen Edition Gustav Eiffel and a Hitchcock Limited Edition are announced. The growing number of parallel Limited Editions (Writers, Patron of Arts, Donation, Special) is increasingly questioned critically.


Can iron-gall ink (e.g. Montblanc Blue-Black) be used safely in a vintage pen like the Montblanc 342 from the 1950s?

Iron-gall inks leave waterproof deposits, which is particularly problematic on old pens and rare use; a 342 can in an emergency be opened and cleaned, but regular use is not recommended. Practical experience shows that even with weekly cleaning, traces can arise on the ink window and in the feed. Frequent flushing with lukewarm (not hot) water is recommended by drawing in and emptying until the rinsing is clear. Anyone using iron-gall ink anyway should use the pen daily and care for it thoroughly; in doubt a modern water-soluble ink is safer for valuable vintage pieces.


Are fountain pens (piston or cartridge pens) allowed in carry-on luggage on flights since the tightened security regulations of 2006?

Fountain pens and ballpoints are unproblematic in carry-on luggage and are usually not objected to at security. Even large quantities (up to about 100 writing instruments) were carried along on Penshow trips to Rome; only opening of the cases was needed. The ink filling level was not paid attention to. Even ink bottles were inspected more closely but allowed through, provided they stayed under the general liquid limits. Precautionary, transport of the pen empty or emptying before take-off is recommended to avoid pressure differences and leak risks.


What can be done about fine scratch marks on the body above the thread on Montblanc pens like 147 and 149, and which polishes are suitable?

Scratch marks above the thread from screwing the cap on and off are a known and mostly normal use phenomenon but do not occur equally strongly on every model and can be material-dependent. Collectors successfully use polishes like 'Wenol' or the motorbike-related 'Unipol' (source e.g. Hein-Gericke) to polish out the scratches. Montblanc itself, however, advises against such agents and officially recommends only clear cold or lukewarm water and a soft cloth, since polishes always remove some material. On valuable or rare pieces the trade-off between visual improvement and long-term material preservation must therefore be weighed.


What can be found out about the Austrian school pen of the brand 'Tempo' (imprint 'M CHROMA EXTRA') from the 1940s?

Tempo was an Austrian writing-instrument maker (Vienna firm Gerspacher) that in the 1920s to 1940s produced numerous standard pens, also push fillers, in various colours. A comprehensive documentation or catalogue of Tempo does not exist; only the Vienna restorer Leo Grahofer (grasshopper.at) has documented some on the brand and is the central contact point for questions and restorations (cleaning, new piston). A short mention is also in the Penkala book by Miroslav Tischler in the chapter on Austrian makers. Original nibs usually carry the imprint 'Tempo'.


Which repair work is typical on an inherited Montblanc 744 N Rolled Gold with stuck piston after 20 years' storage, and what does such a thing cost?

A piston stuck after long storage is usually cleaned in an ultrasonic bath, possibly equipped with new seal and piston mechanism; a price of around 73 euros is appropriate for proper cleaning and standard servicing, since the workload is the larger cost share. A 'ultrasonic examination' in the medical sense does not exist on pens; what is meant is always the ultrasonic bath as a cleaning method. A list of trustworthy repair experts can be found on the forum (community-fountainpen.de). In general nibs are the most vulnerable component and on roughly 50-year-old writing instruments practically no longer obtainable as a spare part; bent nib tips should therefore be carefully adjusted by experienced workshops.


What is the meaning of special prefixes like 'S/' or 'Sample' in the serial numbers of Montblanc Limited Editions, and how are writing-instrument sets numbered?

The prefix 'S' (e.g. S/0503) stands for 'Service' and marks writing instruments whose cap was exchanged at the factory; since for service no consecutive original numbers are reserved, these replacement caps receive their own S numbers. Prototypes carry the designation 'Sample' with three-digit number and are delivered, among others, to boutiques and country representations. With Limited Editions the total edition is always the sum of single sale and sets: example Marcel Proust: 17,000 fountain pens and 16,000 ballpoints as single pieces plus 4,000 sets yield consecutive numbers up to 21,000 or 20,000 respectively. The Hemingway formed an exception without total numbering and without set, since the ballpoint was only later produced at the request of the US market.


Is a fully transparent (not striped) ink window on a Montblanc 146 a counterfeit feature?

Striped ink windows are found above all on early 146 models up to about 1960; afterwards initially fully transparent windows were fitted; in the 1980s again transparent, then again striped. A smooth ink window is therefore no counterfeit indicator but refers to a model from the corresponding production phase. Safer than the ink window as authenticity features are the nib (counterfeit nibs often carry imprints like 'Iridium Point Germany/Paris') and the bicolour engraving on the clip ring. With eBay auctions, illustration with stock photos can lead to uncertainty; on commercial suppliers there is a statutory 14-day return right that cannot be excluded.


Is a Montblanc pencil with only two gold rings (instead of three) automatically a counterfeit or a Meisterstück?

The number of rings gives no reliable information about authenticity or model class. Earlier Montblanc had a 'class system' from one ring (cheap) to three rings (Meisterstück), which, however, was abolished in the late 1980s or early 1990s. A writing instrument with two rings is in many cases not part of the Meisterstück but the cheaper Generation line and, despite differing eBay descriptions, is not to be classified as a Meisterstück. For valuation, comparison with current sale prices via the forum database is recommended.


How do you open a Lamy twin pen to change ballpoint refill and pencil mechanism?

On the Lamy twin pen, ballpoint refill (small) and pencil lead holder can usually be pulled out at the front and replaced with new refills/leads. At the back under the cap is the eraser. On older variants the pen must be unscrewed in the middle; thereby first a container turns out; on careful further turning, the inner workings become accessible.


Can a Montblanc Limited Anniversary 146 be checked for authenticity in a boutique without fearing that a counterfeit will be confiscated?

Private possession of counterfeits is not punishable in Germany; only sale and commercial distribution are forbidden; a boutique may therefore not retain the pen from a private customer on its own initiative. With dealers, however, identified counterfeits are seized by police or customs and destroyed. At EU level, intervention possibilities for trademark holders against private persons have tightened in the recent past, so a certain residual risk remains and the legal situation can vary. Safer than visiting the boutique is therefore first posting good photos in a collector forum, where experts on the basis of nib details, imprint, clip ring and feed can give an authenticity assessment.


Which mistakes should be avoided when self-repairing vintage pens (e.g. for renewing a shrunken cork), and how do you proceed correctly?

For access to the piston cork the grip section must first be unscrewed; it is connected to the barrel via a resin-sealed thread; this resin melts on careful warming faster than the plastic of the barrel, but on too much heat or force, breakage damage is unavoidable. For loosening, a small pipe wrench without sharp teeth with leather underneath is recommended, plus fingertip sensitivity. The feed with nib is either disassembled at the section or driven out from behind through the barrel with a supporting block (small vice); the section must absolutely be supported, otherwise it breaks. Warming with a hairdryer is helpful. Anyone failing repeatedly should leave the repair to experienced specialists, since the follow-up costs of damaged nibs, feeds and grip sections far exceed the original effort.


Which Montblanc Meisterstück pen is suitable as an entry-level model for daily studies and exam writing, and which nib width makes sense?

For exams and heavy writers the 146 is recommended, since its weight and girth stabilise the script and reduce the pressure feeling on the middle finger. The slimmer 145 is also well suited but for extremely long writing sessions less ideal. The 149 offers maximum support in the hand. As nib width F or EF are recommended, since they enable more text per page and make the script better readable; depending on individual handwriting M can also fit. From the Mozart (114) heavy writers are advised against, since its slim and short shape leads to cramping during longer writing; it is suited above all for notes on the road. As source, primarily specialist trade is recommended for trial writing; online (e.g. scription) prices are cheaper but trial writing is omitted.


Which blotting paper is suitable for an old blotter rocker, and are there matching formats for non-Montblanc models?

Montblanc offers special blotting paper with rougher surface that absorbs ink faster than usual blotter paper; it is pre-cut for Montblanc blotter rockers but can also be used for similarly sized rockers in width and trimmed in length if needed. For deviating formats, A5 blotter pads from stationery trade (e.g. with ten sheets) can be used and individually trimmed, which is significantly cheaper. Important is sufficient absorbency of the paper so that ink residues do not smear.


Is Montblanc planning a celluloid edition, special give-aways or a comprehensive editions catalogue for the 100-year anniversary?

A celluloid edition will appear for the anniversary, presumably as a Safety reissue, which on photos, however, looks rather like the Bohème; whether it is actually celluloid or marbled synthetic resin/acrylic (as on Poe, Dumas, Wilde) remains to be seen. Special give-aways for collectors are not envisaged; pins and smaller commemorative pieces are reserved above all for employees and on eBay achieve sometimes high prices (e.g. peppermint tins of aluminium for 67 euros, MB golf balls for 43 euros). A comprehensive editions catalogue is also not planned.


When was the Montblanc Collection Madame 946 made, and what value does it have today?

The Madame 946 was produced about 30 years ago and dates from the phase before Montblanc became a luxury-goods maker in 1991; accordingly it was normal mass production and not a rarity. The gold-plated or silver-plated ballpoint exists in four versions (two silver and two gold variants each); on eBay, depending on condition, between 35 and 50 euros are achieved. An official quantity is not known; exact information can only be given by Montblanc itself. Anyone seeking one should regularly observe eBay, also Europe-wide.


What role did the Pforzheim firm Sarastro play as supplier for Montblanc and other writing-instrument makers?

Sarastro was based in Pforzheim until its bankruptcy in 1986 (with branch works in France) and produced under its own name and as a supplier overlays and silver- or gold-coated pens for several brands, including until the end for Montblanc; corresponding pieces are marked with an 'S'. The firm described itself in the 1920s as a maker of pocket-use articles (everything of metal). A complete listing of overlay variants or systematic documentation of supply relationships does not exist publicly. Pens under their own name Sarastro are today rare.


What are the advantages and disadvantages of the Montblanc 145 Chopin, especially regarding the thread on the barrel, and is it suitable for heavy writers?

The 145 is appreciated for its balanced format and nib quality as a very pleasant heavy-writer pen; the thread lies sufficiently far from the grip area, so it usually does not bother during writing, even on small hands. Narrower nibs (EF, F) generate a slightly stronger friction during writing, which can be felt as 'scratching' but breaks in over time; broader nibs like OB write more softly but use more ink. On the 145 Platinum the look is particularly highlighted. In general it is recommended to test the 145 in the boutique before purchase to check nib width and hand feel.


How high is the resale value of a Montblanc 146 LeGrand and a Montblanc special edition (e.g. Warner Music 1995) via eBay?

Standard models like the 146 LeGrand achieve significantly less on the second-hand market than the original shop price; examples show that 146s that once cost 600 to 700 euros are traded for around 250 euros. The main reason is the high quantity that has been produced for standard Meisterstücks for years. A real value increase is shown only by Limited Editions (e.g. Writers Edition, Patron of Art). Employee-gift pens like the Warner Music special edition are not official editions but with a good eBay description can easily achieve higher prices than series 146s. In general Montblanc standard ware is comparable to a car: on leaving the shop it noticeably loses value.


What subscription prices and material features does the Montblanc Patron of Art Edition 2005 'Pope Julius II' have?

The Pope Julius II 4810 has a shop price of 1,700 euros at a subscription price of 1,465.50 euros; the more exclusive 888 variant with rhodolite stones on the cap top, guilloché cardinal-red lacquer and 18-carat yellow-gold filigree lies at 4,850 euros shop price or 3,950 euros subscription price (each plus 6.90 euros shipping). With prepayment the subscription conditions apply. In content the edition takes up Pope Julius II (Giuliano della Rovere, 1443–1513), who reigned from 1503 to 1513 and entered art history e.g. as the patron of St Peter's Basilica and supporter of Michelangelo and Raphael. First original photos circulated via Russian pen websites.


Are cartridges or converters for old Geha cartridge pens still available?

The Geha cartridges sold by Pelikan today no longer fit into old Geha cartridge pens, and converters have not been produced for more than ten years. Without an old original cartridge from which a makeshift converter could be tinkered, such a pen practically remains a display piece only. The problem is not limited to Geha: even big brands like Waterman have changed their cartridge system and gradually discontinue supply with converters and cartridges of older models. Polyethylene, the material of the old cartridges, cannot reliably be glued, which makes self-build difficult. The case illustrates the general risk of proprietary filling or consumable systems.


What does the symbol of a horizontal, mirror-image '1' behind the nib width (e.g. 'M-') on the nib of a Montblanc 149 Masterpiece from the 1950s mean?

This sign marks a left-hander nib; in combination, designations like 'ML', 'OL' or 'MOL' arise, with MO being understood as the left-hander variant of an OM nib. Such left-hander nibs are rare collector examples, since the tipping grind is often only recognisable under strong magnification; on smaller nib widths (e.g. FL) the difference from a normal nib is barely visible. The grind is slightly bevelled so left-handers can write without tilting. Such nibs occur both in 149 and in 146 models from the 1950s.


Does Montblanc ink age, and how long can an opened bottle of ink be reliably used?

Ink is an organic substance and should not be used for longer than around three years after opening, since oxygen contact, evaporation and ageing change consistency, colour intensity and flow behaviour. Batch-related colour deviations are also normal even with fresh ink. A 1-litre bottle of Montblanc vintage ink from the 1950s is, from a collector view, more likely placed unopened on the shelf as a contemporary witness; collector value drops by opening. Computationally, one litre yields about 20 fillings of today's bottles (shop price about 170 euros); the ink value, however, makes up only a small part of this price; the main share lies in the glass.


Can nib and feed be removed oneself on a Montblanc 144 Bordeaux from the 1990s, and are longitudinal lamellae on the feed model-correct?

On the 144 Classique from the 1990s longitudinal lamellae on the feed are correct and no indication of a counterfeit or modification. The removal of nib and feed is not possible without special tools and special materials and should only be carried out by Montblanc itself or an experienced specialist. To clean contaminations from the feed, an ultrasonic bath with simultaneous 'blowing through' is suitable, which also reliably removes smaller solid particles without disassembling the pen. With eBay purchase general caution applies; well-rated suppliers and realistic prices, however, reduce the counterfeit risk; original certificates are no reliable authenticity proof, since they can be enclosed independently of the writing instrument.


How is the Montblanc Writers Edition 2009 'Thomas Mann' assessed regarding design, haptics and collector value?

The Thomas Mann lies, due to its weight, well in the hand and is also suitable for daily use; collectors rate look and workmanship predominantly positively. Critically remarked is that the body shape is again modelled on the 146, which on several consecutive Writers Editions is felt as little inventive; some collectors would have preferred for a literary personality of Thomas Mann's rank a shape modelled on the Meisterstück 139. The edition is also for the first time delivered with a rollerball as additional writing instrument; the wish for the same serial number for set and rollerball can rarely be fulfilled by production reasons; usually only consecutive numbers are available. The shape is occasionally criticised as rather Donation-Pen-like, which puts the price into perspective from a collector view.


What experiences exist with inexpensive, hand-made pens from Indian production (e.g. Rajan, Brown Speckled), and are they everyday-suitable?

Indian pens like the Rajan 'Brown Speckled' are obtained via suppliers like Andy's Pens (UK) and convince with appropriate value; shipping from England usually takes a few days. The supplied steel nib (F) is rigid, rather inflexible and can scratch a bit at first but can be smoothed with fine sandpaper. Workmanship weaknesses like broken-out spots at the hard-rubber clip transition can also be camouflaged with sandpaper. A known weakness of older Indian models is the tendency to 'ink soup' (ink leak in the cap area), which can be regarded as an essential knockout criterion. Overall these pens are suitable for experiment-friendly collectors who can live with smaller reworkings.


Are Montblanc ballpoints and rollerballs more prestige objects than utility devices, since the actual refill makes up only a fraction of the sales price?

Collectors classify MB ballpoints and rollerballs clearly as luxury and prestige objects, since the high price is not justified by the writing properties of the refill itself. The value lies in design, mechanism (e.g. twist mechanism), housing materials and brand value. For historical comparison: according to the price list of 1982, a 164 ballpoint cost 75 DM, a 149 fountain pen 320 DM. Practically to consider is that a ballpoint, unlike a fountain pen and partly also a rollerball, writes reliably on thermal paper (debit/credit card receipts). The rollerball writes with more fluid ink and a feel more similar to a fountain pen but has a faster-empty refill.


How can the nibs of a Montblanc fountain pen be exchanged, and where do you get the necessary nib key?

Original nib keys Montblanc gives only to its own service centres; some collectors have therefore built their own tools; instructions and special tools can be found on sites like penboard.de. Important: Montblanc uses no self-sealing threads like Aurora or Pelikan but a silicone seal that on disassembly must absolutely be renewed; otherwise the pen leaks. Hardware-store silicone is unsuitable, since not sufficiently elastic and ink-resistant; high-quality, ink-resistant silicone is needed. The nib unit can be unscrewed counter-clockwise at the front matt-black ring of the section. Because of the risk of permanently damaging a Montblanc, experienced collectors advise on valuable pieces repair by Montblanc or specialists.


What causes the rosé sheen on Montblanc leather products of the Limited Anniversary Editions 1924 and 75, and how can it be removed or avoided?

The rosé sheen on the fine nappa leather forms even without light exposure and is traced to an oxide layer, presumably favoured by outgassing plasticisers of the plastic inserts. Collectors report that the sheen can be reliably removed with Collonil Premium Leather Polish (colourless); Montblanc itself sells the agent as part of the Leather Care Set (ID 02756). On application one should wipe only in one direction, not circle, and let the agent dry afterwards. The product is also cheaply available in shoe shops. An effective prevention does not seem to exist, but regular care counts as a tested countermeasure.


What characterises the Limited Edition Montblanc Rouge et Noir 100 for the brand anniversary?

The Rouge et Noir 100 is a replica of the first Montblanc safety pen, released for the 100-year brand anniversary in 2006. Edition: only 100 pieces worldwide, sales price 3,900 euros. The pen is made of vulcanised hard rubber with integrated ink tank; the 18-carat gold nib carries the historical engraving 'Simplo Pen Co 4' with breather hole; the cap is bright red, the body black. It is delivered in an orange-red box together with historical packaging, travel inkwell of hard rubber and a booklet with old advertising. Due to the small quantity rapid sell-out is to be expected.


How do Montblanc Meisterstück ballpoint and rollerball differ in writing behaviour and handling?

The rollerball writes significantly more lightly than the ballpoint because its ink is more fluid and approaches the writing feel of a fountain pen. The disadvantage is that the ink runs and bleeds more easily on poor paper and that the refill is comparatively quickly empty. Constructively both models differ in that the rollerball has a screw-off cap while the ballpoint typically works with a twist mechanism. Writers who get along well with it appreciate it as a high-quality alternative to the ballpoint in everyday life.


Which writer is honoured in the Montblanc Writers Edition 2006, and is a price increase to be expected as with the Patron edition?

The Writers Edition 2006 is dedicated to Virginia Woolf; hints to this circulated for a while in the Montblanc dealer intranet and on third-party sites and were partly removed again, which is interpreted as a consequence of the strict secrecy policy towards dealers. Since the pen will apparently be equipped with a diamond, some collectors suspect a price increase over previous editions, but secured information was not available at the time of discussion.


What effect can cultural sponsorship, as practised by Montblanc, have on customer loyalty?

Montblanc has been strongly engaged in cultural sponsorship for over ten years, e.g. with the Patronage Awards and the Donation Pens. A study by Manfred Schwaiger and Anastasia Steiner-Kogrina at Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität Munich examined the effect of this engagement using the example of Sparda-Bank and provides hints transferable analogously to other industries. Sponsorship and especially cultural sponsorship are often underweighted in the marketing mix, since hardly any direct measurement variables for their effect exist; acceptance on the customer side, however, is very high compared with TV or print advertising. The investigation shows that cultural sponsorship can increase customer loyalty, operationalised via trust, satisfaction and emotional closeness, provided the target group knows the activities. Higher customer loyalty is accompanied by loyalty, repeat purchase and positive word of mouth, which also has economic effects. Cultural sponsorship can thus serve both customer loyalty and employee motivation. The study was published as Schwaiger and Steiner-Kogrina, 'Kultur stärkt Kundenbindung', Marketing Journal, 37th year, no. 3, 2004, pages 34 to 36.


Which document-proof ink in a discreet colour is suitable for a Parker fountain pen without it leading to clogs as previously with Montblanc Blue-Black?

Collectors regard it as unlikely that the clog was caused by the Montblanc ink itself; a pre-existing damage or chemical reaction through mixing different inks on the change is suspected. Before filling with a new ink, the pen should therefore be flushed thoroughly. As a reliable alternative the ink manufactory Jansen (de-atramentis.com) is recommended, which offers document-proof inks in numerous, also discreet colours. Own ink mixtures are regarded as risky without experience values.


Is an offered Montblanc 144 Solitaire Silver grain from the 70s genuine if the clip carries no serial number and no PIX, only 'Germany', and the 925 hallmark sits at the top instead of the bottom of the cap?

The features described are completely normal for a 144 Solitaire of the 70s and speak for an original. Serial number and PIX engraving on the clip were only introduced later; older Meisterstücks bore only the '925' hallmark at the top of the cap and had a fully gold nib without platinum inlay. Comparison pictures can be found on fountainpen.de. A price around 250 euros counts as defensible in good general condition; before purchase the nib should be tested in writing, since repairs via Montblanc service can become expensive.


How do you recognise a Montblanc Meisterstück 146, and which filling system does this model have?

You recognise the 146 primarily by its size: closed about 14.5 cm long with a Meisterstück ring of about 1.5 cm diameter. The filling system is a permanently fitted piston filler, no converter and no cartridge system; it is operated by turning at the rear end. The term 'piston converter' is used by some for the permanently fitted mechanism; more correct is the designation piston pen, since converters must always be exchangeable. Cartridges are taken only by the 147 Traveller; the 145 Chopin uses an exchangeable converter. Classic piston pens have, by the state of the discussion, practically not been counterfeited.


Is a fountain pen with the inscription 'Monte Rosa', steel nib without star and hallmark 042/KF a counterfeit or a genuine Montblanc product?

Monte Rosa was Montblanc's second brand and thus the cheaper variant; the piece is an original. The nib designation KF stands for 'Kugelfeder' (ball nib) in fine, which is a rather rare variant. Historically, an independent fountain-pen firm 'Monte Rosa' also existed in Zurich about 90 years ago; the connection with Montblanc is not unambiguously clarified. Anyone wanting to start collecting classic Meisterstücks should rather test and buy the first pen at a specialist trade than buy blindly via eBay, in order to choose the right nib width.


How can the refills be exchanged in the Montblanc 4-colour ballpoint?

The refills can simply be pulled out at the front and replaced with new ones; a tool is not necessary. Matching replacement refills are available at writing-instrument specialist trade.


How do you clean a Montblanc fountain pen in which the ink has heavily dried and the feed is completely clogged?

First step is long soaking: place the feed in water for several days to soften dried ink. If that does nothing, only mechanical cleaning helps, i.e. pulling out nib and feed and cleaning with a soft toothbrush. Anyone without experience in disassembling should send the pen to Montblanc; there the feed is cleaned or replaced if needed.


How is the Montblanc Limited Edition Charlie Chaplin 88 to be assessed regarding design, workmanship and price?

The Charlie Chaplin 88 counts among many collectors as one of the most beautiful Skeleton editions of Montblanc, with very elaborate and detail-rich artisanal work that goes clearly beyond the level of usual Artisan pieces. Others find it overloaded because too many Charlie Chaplin aspects are united in tightest space. The price lies around 20,600 euros and thus exceeds the budget of most collectors. Live the pen seems, according to reports, more impressive than on the press photos.


Which maker and which filling mechanism could be involved in an old fountain pen with Indian-head engraving 'Hugh!', noble chrome nib and screw-spring/knurled-screw mechanism?

The mechanism recalls a vacuum system in the style of Parker's Vacumatic; a precise attribution to maker, country and year is, however, difficult, since a converted mechanism also seems possible. On old vacuum pens the inner rubber tank is almost always dried out and mostly no longer fillable. Research in specialist literature (Steinberg, 'Füllfederhalter, Das illustrierte Lexikon für Sammler') led the owner to Parker's patent of 1832, in which by means of piston and rod in the barrel ink was pressed to the nib — the first documented self-filler. A treatment with creep oil loosened stuck parts; the mechanism here consists of piston rod, cork seal and screw spring with knurled screw.


What experiences exist when buying fountain pens from non-EU countries (especially USA) regarding customs, import VAT and effort?

On deliveries from the USA, from a goods value of around 22 euros, import VAT (19 %) and from 150 euros additionally customs duty apply; often the parcel is held until personal collection at customs, which means a time effort. Sometimes a shipment is not declared and comes through directly, but this is luck. The weaker euro reduces the price advantage additionally. Anyone wanting to avoid the effort better waits for an equivalent offer within the EU. As a price guide on used Meisterstücks, about half the new price applies; ended eBay auctions provide realistic market values.


How are workmanship quality and service of current Montblanc leather products — specifically the Nightflight collection — to be assessed compared with earlier decades?

Collectors judge the quality of current Montblanc leather goods differently: some see a quality loss compared with older editions; others still hold today's leather goods to be high-quality and market-leading, especially compared with the competition. Particularly older cases from the 1950s are valued by some for size, haptics and cut, while others see nothing special in them. Montblanc's repair and exchange service is regardless rated as accommodating and fast. On textile-coated pieces like the Nightflight key case (silk-cotton mix with impregnation), unraveled seams have been reported repeatedly as a typical wear problem.


How is the quality of Chinese fountain-pen brands like Jinhao and Baoer to be assessed compared with established makers like Pelikan, Montblanc or Parker?

Collectors report that Chinese pens at prices between 1.63 and about 5 euros seem surprisingly substantial, are well-finished and deliver an appealing script; the nibs, however, tend to be somewhat stiffer. They are mostly obtained directly from China via eBay dealers, often even shipping-cost free. The Taiwanese TWSBI Diamond also counts as a well-finished alternative with detail solutions that more expensive makers do not offer. For price-conscious beginners or for experimenting these brands are rated as attractive.


How is the English Onoto Magna 261 fountain pen to be assessed regarding workmanship and writing quality?

Collectors rate the Onoto Magna 261 as a really large-dimensioned and very appealing fountain pen; nib and presumably also feed come from the renowned maker Bock, which leads to expectations of high writing quality. After several weeks of daily use it is described as a reliable and pleasant writer. Notable is the historical connection to the Channel Island of Guernsey, the birthplace of the company founder Thomas De La Rue.


How can signature engravings on several Montblanc writing instruments be colour-matched if older engravings look faded?

The colour fill of milled engravings undergoes natural shrinkage and can normally be refilled with lacquer paint as a free service by authorised Montblanc dealers or directly by Montblanc service. It is sensible to send in all affected pens at the same time so colour tone and depth become uniform. With scratches on cap or top, polishing first helps; a complete cap exchange is possible but costly.


Where do you best buy a Montblanc Meisterstück Chopin: at the specialist dealer or online, where significant price differences exist?

Buying at the specialist dealer or in a boutique is recommended, since only there can various nib widths be tested extensively — the matching nib width is decisive for writing pleasure. Important is to bring one's own paper for trial. At least the standard widths F, M and B should be available. Concretely recommended are the boutiques in Bremen and Munich and specialised online suppliers like scription.de for later replacement purchase. Online purchases are price-attractive but carry the risk of a wrong nib width. Some dealers also offer to test pens from other sources comparatively on site.


Which sealing wax is suitable for home use, and which properties distinguish high-quality from inexpensive products?

Cheap sealing wax sooths strongly, becomes matt and delivers no clean impressions; collectors therefore advise higher-quality products, e.g. from siegelshop24.com (around 8 euros per stick for 30–40 seals) or from Landolt-Arbenz in Zurich (about 15 euros for 20 cm). Important is that the stick has no central wick, since such waxes soot when burning and melt unevenly. For application the stick is held over a burner and the wax dripped onto the paper several times rotating before the seal stamp is pressed on. Notary-supply mail-order houses sometimes presuppose that the buyer is actually a notary.


Is Montblanc's 'Masters for Meisterstück' line with Meissen porcelain still in production, and what does it cost?

The black porcelain pens of the line are no longer being made; the stocks remaining in the boutiques were recalled, which probably explains problems with the black porcelain colouring. The white variant is still listed, e.g. via the Meissen website. The price is given as around 1,950 euros. Concrete background to the production stop is, as company internal information, not public. Striking is an erroneous spelling of 'Montblanc' on the Meissen page.


Who is the honoured inspirator of the Montblanc Patron of Art Edition 2006, and which visual features does the pen show?

The Patron of Art Edition 2006 honours Sir Henry Tate, British sugar producer and patron, who in 1872 acquired the patent for sugar cubes (he did not invent them himself) and with his fortune founded the Tate Gallery. The pen has a striking red surface that recalls for collectors the Pope Julius II 888 or the Jules Verne, with a shape similar to the Frederick II. The official presentation took place first in the USA; in Asia, brochure photos circulated already beforehand.