From these features alone no counterfeit can be deduced. The clip engraving 'W-Germany' regularly appears on writing instruments before 1991, so the seller's statement that the piece is younger than ten years is incorrect here; rather, it is an older original from the time before German reunification. The number of digits in the serial number is also not an authenticity criterion, since the format and length of the numbers have changed several times over the decades. A reliable assessment requires meaningful detail photos of nib, cap ring, clip and ink window, which can be matched against the relevant collector sources.